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<article article-type="research-article" dtd-version="1.3" xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xml:lang="ru"><front><journal-meta><journal-id journal-id-type="publisher-id">fruitberry</journal-id><journal-title-group><journal-title xml:lang="ru">Плодоводство и ягодоводство России</journal-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="en"><trans-title>Pomiculture and small fruits culture in Russia</trans-title></trans-title-group></journal-title-group><issn pub-type="ppub">2073-4948</issn><publisher><publisher-name>ФГБНУ ВСТИСП</publisher-name></publisher></journal-meta><article-meta><article-id pub-id-type="doi">10.31676/2073-4948-2024-77-102-110</article-id><article-id custom-type="elpub" pub-id-type="custom">fruitberry-1210</article-id><article-categories><subj-group subj-group-type="heading"><subject>Research Article</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="section-heading" xml:lang="ru"><subject>МЕТОДЫ И СПОСОБЫ ЗАЩИТЫ РАСТЕНИЙ ОТ ВРЕДИТЕЛЕЙ И БОЛЕЗНЕЙ</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="section-heading" xml:lang="en"><subject>METHODS AND WAYS OF PROTECTING PLANTS FROM DISEASE AND PESTS</subject></subj-group></article-categories><title-group><article-title>Особенности формирования паразитарных комплексов в экосистеме коллекции розария Главного ботанического сада РАН</article-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="en"><trans-title>Development of parasite complexes in the ecosystem of the rose garden of the main Botanical Garden of the Russian Academy of Sciences</trans-title></trans-title-group></title-group><contrib-group><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Червякова</surname><given-names>О. Н.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Chervyakova</surname><given-names>O. N.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>снс, к. б. н</p><p>Москва</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Moscow</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">cherolya@mail.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Келдыш</surname><given-names>М. А.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Keldysh</surname><given-names>M. A.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>снс, к. б. н.</p><p>Москва</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Moscow</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">k.marina2009@mail.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib></contrib-group><aff-alternatives id="aff-1"><aff xml:lang="ru"><institution>Федеральное государственное бюджетное учреждение науки «Главный ботанический сад им. Н. В. Цицина РАН»</institution><country>Россия</country></aff><aff xml:lang="en"><institution>Main Botanical Garden named after N. V. Tsitsin of the Russian Academy of Sciences</institution><country>Russian Federation</country></aff></aff-alternatives><pub-date pub-type="collection"><year>2024</year></pub-date><pub-date pub-type="epub"><day>13</day><month>07</month><year>2024</year></pub-date><volume>77</volume><issue>0</issue><fpage>102</fpage><lpage>110</lpage><permissions><copyright-statement>Copyright &amp;#x00A9; Червякова О.Н., Келдыш М.А., 2024</copyright-statement><copyright-year>2024</copyright-year><copyright-holder xml:lang="ru">Червякова О.Н., Келдыш М.А.</copyright-holder><copyright-holder xml:lang="en">Chervyakova O.N., Keldysh M.A.</copyright-holder><license xml:lang="ru" license-type="creative-commons-attribution" xlink:href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/" xlink:type="simple"><license-p>Данная работа распространяется под лицензией Creative Commons Attribution 4.0.</license-p></license><license xml:lang="en" license-type="creative-commons-attribution" xlink:href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/" xlink:type="simple"><license-p>This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License.</license-p></license></permissions><self-uri xlink:href="https://www.plodovodstvo.com/jour/article/view/1210">https://www.plodovodstvo.com/jour/article/view/1210</self-uri><abstract><p>В статье представлены данные мониторинговых исследований (2011-2022 гг.) вредных организмов в экосистеме коллекции розария ГБС РАН. В процессе исследований получены данные по диагностике патогенов и вредителей, фенотипическому проявлению патологий и повреждений. Всего выявлены 21 вид патогенов и 16 видов фитофагов. Определена структура видового состава вредных организмов в экосистеме розария. Показано, что на начальном этапе (2011-2013 гг.) формирования экосистемы коллекции не было зафиксировано внешних признаков проявления вирусных заболеваний и отмечался низкий уровень развития грибных инфекций. Развитие таких вредоносных патогенов, как Peronospora sparsa Jacz., Sphaerotheca pannosa Lev., Phragmidium disciflorum James и Ph. tuberculatum Mull., удавалось сдерживать за счет выбраковки растений восприимчивых сортов. К доминирующим возбудителям отнесены Marssonina rosae (Lib.) Died., Phyllosticta rosae Desm., Septoria rosae Desm., установлена их приуроченность к определенным сортам. Несколько менее распространены популяции возбудителей пурпуровой пятнистости (Sphaceloma rosarum Pass.), аскохитоза (Ascochyta rosicola Sacc.) и церкоспороза (Cercospora rosicola Pass.). Выявлен широкий спектр симптомов проявления вирусных инфекций. Диагностировано девять вирусов, относящихся к пяти родам. Проанализирована их частота встречаемости и выделены наиболее распространенные: Prunus necrotic ring spot ilarvirus, Apple mosaic ilarvirus, Tobacco ring spot nepovirus, Arabis mosaic nepovirus. Отмечено видовое разнообразие фитофагов: листоеды, долгоносики, листовертки, пилильщики, цветоеды, уховертки, моли, цикадки, тли, клопы. Установлено, что повреждение растений комплексом вредителей достигало лишь среднего уровня, за исключением единичных сортов (Red Blanket, Prosperity). В целом оценка фитосанитарного состояния генофонда роз коллекции Сада на основе результатов фитосанитарного мониторинга и интегральной диагностики выявила широкий состав паразитарных комплексов − 14 типов патокомплексов, 4 − энтомокомплексов и 5 − энтомопатокомплексов. Обсуждаются тактические и базовые направления защиты от вредных организмов в экосистеме коллекции розария.</p></abstract><trans-abstract xml:lang="en"><p>The article reports on studies (2011-2022) monitoring harmful organisms in the ecosystem of the rose garden of the Main Botanical Garden of the Russian Academy of Sciences. The studies yielded data on the detection of pathogens and pests, as well as the phenotypic manifestation of pathologies and lesions. A total of 21 species of pathogens and 16 species of phytophages were identified. The species composition of harmful organisms in the ecosystem of the rose garden was defined. It is shown that at the initial stage (2011- 2013) of ecosystem establishment, no external signs of viral diseases were observed, and a low level of fungal infections was noted. The development of such harmful pathogens as Peronospora sparsa Jacz., Sphaerotheca pannosa Lev., Phragmidium disciflorum James, and Ph. tuberculatum Mull. was controlled by culling plants of susceptible varieties. The predominant pathogens included Marssonina rosae (Lib.) Died., Phyllosticta rosae Desm., and Septoria rosae Desm., and the susceptibility of specific varieties to these pathogens was established. The populations of pathogens causing spot anthracnose (Sphaceloma rosarum Pass.), ascochyta leaf spot (Ascochyta rosicola Sacc.), and cercospora leaf spot (Cercospora rosicola Pass.) were slightly less common. A wide range of signs of viral infections was identified. Nine viruses belonging to five genera were detected. The frequency of their occurrence was analyzed, and the most common viruses were identified: Prunus necrotic ring spot ilarvirus, Apple mosaic ilarvirus, Tobacco ring spot nepovirus, and Arabis mosaic nepovirus. The species diversity of phytophages was noted: leaf beetles, snout beetles, leafroller moths, sawflies, blossom weevils, earwigs, moths, leafhoppers, aphids, and true bugs. It was found that damage to plants by a range of pests reached only an average level, except for individual varieties (Red Blanket and Prosperity). In general, the phytosanitary assessment of the rose gene pool of the garden according to the phytosanitary monitoring and integrated detection revealed a wide range of parasite complexes: fourteen types of pathogenic complexes, four types of entomological complexes, and five types of entomopathogenic complexes. The tactical and basic directions for control of harmful organisms in the ecosystem of the rose garden are discussed.</p></trans-abstract><kwd-group xml:lang="ru"><kwd>экосистема</kwd><kwd>Rosa</kwd><kwd>паразитарные комплексы</kwd><kwd>фитопатогены</kwd><kwd>фитофаги</kwd><kwd>меры борьбы</kwd></kwd-group><kwd-group xml:lang="en"><kwd>ecosystem</kwd><kwd>Rosa</kwd><kwd>parasite complexes</kwd><kwd>phytopathogens</kwd><kwd>phytophages</kwd><kwd>control measure</kwd></kwd-group><funding-group><funding-statement xml:lang="ru">Работа выполнена в рамках государственного задания ГБС РАН № 124030100058-4.</funding-statement><funding-statement xml:lang="en">The work was carried out within the framework of the state task of the Main Botanical Garden of the Russian Academy of Sciences № 124030100058-4.</funding-statement></funding-group></article-meta></front><back><ref-list><title>References</title><ref id="cit1"><label>1</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Yardemci N., Culal H. 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