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<article article-type="research-article" dtd-version="1.3" xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xml:lang="ru"><front><journal-meta><journal-id journal-id-type="publisher-id">fruitberry</journal-id><journal-title-group><journal-title xml:lang="ru">Плодоводство и ягодоводство России</journal-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="en"><trans-title>Pomiculture and small fruits culture in Russia</trans-title></trans-title-group></journal-title-group><issn pub-type="ppub">2073-4948</issn><publisher><publisher-name>ФГБНУ ВСТИСП</publisher-name></publisher></journal-meta><article-meta><article-id pub-id-type="doi">10.31676/2073-4948-2025-80-87-97</article-id><article-id custom-type="elpub" pub-id-type="custom">fruitberry-1349</article-id><article-categories><subj-group subj-group-type="heading"><subject>Research Article</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="section-heading" xml:lang="ru"><subject>МЕТОДЫ И СПОСОБЫ ЗАЩИТЫ РАСТЕНИЙ ОТ ВРЕДИТЕЛЕЙ И БОЛЕЗНЕЙ</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="section-heading" xml:lang="en"><subject>METHODS AND WAYS OF PROTECTING PLANTS FROM DISEASE AND PESTS</subject></subj-group></article-categories><title-group><article-title>Растения-индикаторы как вспомогательный метод идентификации вредоносных вирусов косточковых культур</article-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="en"><trans-title>Indicator plants as an auxiliary method for identifying pathogenic viruses of stone fruit crops</trans-title></trans-title-group></title-group><contrib-group><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0009-0002-4255-2113</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Ахба</surname><given-names>Е. Д.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Akhba</surname><given-names>E. D.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Е. Д. Ахба, мнс, аспирант</p><p>Москва </p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Moscow</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">katya0565@yandex.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib></contrib-group><aff-alternatives id="aff-1"><aff xml:lang="ru"><institution>Федеральный научный селекционно-технологический центр садоводства и питомниководства</institution><country>Россия</country></aff><aff xml:lang="en"><institution>Federal Horticultural Center for Breeding, Agrotechnology and Nursery</institution><country>Russian Federation</country></aff></aff-alternatives><pub-date pub-type="collection"><year>2025</year></pub-date><pub-date pub-type="epub"><day>25</day><month>03</month><year>2025</year></pub-date><volume>80</volume><issue>0</issue><fpage>87</fpage><lpage>97</lpage><permissions><copyright-statement>Copyright &amp;#x00A9; Ахба Е.Д., 2025</copyright-statement><copyright-year>2025</copyright-year><copyright-holder xml:lang="ru">Ахба Е.Д.</copyright-holder><copyright-holder xml:lang="en">Akhba E.D.</copyright-holder><license xml:lang="ru" license-type="creative-commons-attribution" xlink:href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/" xlink:type="simple"><license-p>Данная работа распространяется под лицензией Creative Commons Attribution 4.0.</license-p></license><license xml:lang="en" license-type="creative-commons-attribution" xlink:href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/" xlink:type="simple"><license-p>This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License.</license-p></license></permissions><self-uri xlink:href="https://www.plodovodstvo.com/jour/article/view/1349">https://www.plodovodstvo.com/jour/article/view/1349</self-uri><abstract><p>Вирусные инфекции представляют серьезную угрозу для насаждений вишни, черешни, сливы, абрикоса и других косточковых культур. Они приводят к снижению урожайности, ухудшению качества плодов и гибели растений. Наиболее распространенными фитопатогенными вирусами косточковых культур являются PPV (вирус оспы сливы), PNRSV (вирус некротической кольцевой пятнистости косточковых), PDV (вирус карликовости сливы), ACLSV (вирус хлоротической пятнистости листьев яблони), CLRV (вирус скручивания листьев черешни). Симптоматика поражения вирусными инфекциями представлена хлоротическими пятнистостями, некрозами на листьях, ухудшением товарного вида плодов и др. Для определения вирусологического статуса растений требуются методы идентификации вредоносных вирусов.  Своевременная диагностика является ключевым фактором при производстве посадочного материала высших категорий качества. В настоящее время для диагностики используют методы иммуноферментного анализа и полимеразной цепной реакции. В качестве дополнительного тестирования привлекают индикаторные растения (древесные или травянистые). В статье приведены данные по индикаторным растениям для выявления вредоносных вирусов на косточковых культурах. Описана специфичная симптоматика, проявляемая на растениях после инокуляции.</p></abstract><trans-abstract xml:lang="en"><p>Viral infections pose a serious threat to cherry, plum, apricot, and other stone fruit plantations. Such infections lead to serious consequences, including yield reduction, deterioration of fruit quality, and plant death. The most common phytopathogenic viruses of stone crops include plum pox virus (PPV), Prunus necrotic ringspot virus (PNRSV), Prune dwarfism virus (PDV), apple chlorotic leaf spot virus (ACLSV), and cherry leaf roll virus (CLRV). Among the symptoms of viral infections are chlorotic spots, leaf necrosis, deterioration of fruit marketability, etc. Determination of the virological status of plants require methods for identification of pathogenic viruses. Timely diagnosis is a key factor in production of high-quality planting material. At present, diagnostic methods include immunoenzyme assay and polymerase chain reaction. Indicator plants (woody or herbaceous) are increasingly attracting attention as auxiliary testing methods. In this article, we present data on the use of indicator plants for detection of pathogenic viruses of stone fruit crops. Specific symptoms and signs manifested on plants after inoculation are described.</p></trans-abstract><kwd-group xml:lang="ru"><kwd>индикаторные растения</kwd><kwd>диагностика</kwd><kwd>вредоносные вирусы</kwd><kwd>косточковые культуры</kwd></kwd-group><kwd-group xml:lang="en"><kwd>indicator plants</kwd><kwd>diagnosis</kwd><kwd>harmful viruses</kwd><kwd>stone fruit crops</kwd></kwd-group></article-meta></front><back><ref-list><title>References</title><ref id="cit1"><label>1</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Приходько Ю. Н., Шнейдер Ю. А., Живаева Т. С., Мазурин Е. С., Шероколава Н. А., Магомедов У. Ш., Усков А. И., Варицев Ю. А., Анисимов Б. В. 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