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<article article-type="research-article" dtd-version="1.3" xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xml:lang="ru"><front><journal-meta><journal-id journal-id-type="publisher-id">fruitberry</journal-id><journal-title-group><journal-title xml:lang="ru">Плодоводство и ягодоводство России</journal-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="en"><trans-title>Pomiculture and small fruits culture in Russia</trans-title></trans-title-group></journal-title-group><issn pub-type="ppub">2073-4948</issn><publisher><publisher-name>ФГБНУ ВСТИСП</publisher-name></publisher></journal-meta><article-meta><article-id pub-id-type="doi">10.31676/2073-4948-2026-84-15-30</article-id><article-id custom-type="elpub" pub-id-type="custom">fruitberry-1461</article-id><article-categories><subj-group subj-group-type="heading"><subject>Research Article</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="section-heading" xml:lang="ru"><subject>ГЕНЕТИКА, СЕЛЕКЦИЯ, СЕМЕНОВОДСТВО</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="section-heading" xml:lang="en"><subject>GENETICS, BREEDING, SEED PRODUCTION</subject></subj-group></article-categories><title-group><article-title>Изучение филогенетической структуры фитомикробиома с целью использования в селекции растений</article-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="en"><trans-title>Research into the phylogenetic structure of phytomicrobiome for use in plant breeding</trans-title></trans-title-group></title-group><contrib-group><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0002-4447-7340</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Коновалов</surname><given-names>С. Н.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Konovalov</surname><given-names>S. N.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>С. Н. Коновалов, внс, канд. биол. наук</p><p>Москва</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Moscow</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">vstisp.agrochem@yandex.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0002-2797-7394</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Бобкова</surname><given-names>В. В.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Bobkova</surname><given-names>V. V.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>В. В. Бобкова, нс</p><p>Москва</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Moscow</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">vstisp.agrochem@yandex.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0002-1760-5992</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Сазонов</surname><given-names>Ф. Ф.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Sazonov</surname><given-names>F. F.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Ф. Ф. Сазонов, внс, доктор с.-х. наук</p><p>Москва</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Moscow</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">vstisp.agrochem@yandex.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0002-3849-8567</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Борисова</surname><given-names>А. А.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Borisova</surname><given-names>A. A.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>А. А. Борисова, внс, доктор с.-х. наук</p><p>Москва</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Moscow</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">vstisp.agrochem@yandex.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib></contrib-group><aff-alternatives id="aff-1"><aff xml:lang="ru"><institution>Федеральный научный селекционно-технологический центр садоводства и питомниководства</institution><country>Россия</country></aff><aff xml:lang="en"><institution>Federal Horticultural Center for Breeding, Agrotechnoloigy and Nursery</institution><country>Russian Federation</country></aff></aff-alternatives><pub-date pub-type="collection"><year>2026</year></pub-date><pub-date pub-type="epub"><day>30</day><month>03</month><year>2026</year></pub-date><volume>84</volume><issue>1</issue><fpage>15</fpage><lpage>30</lpage><permissions><copyright-statement>Copyright &amp;#x00A9; Коновалов С.Н., Бобкова В.В., Сазонов Ф.Ф., Борисова А.А., 2026</copyright-statement><copyright-year>2026</copyright-year><copyright-holder xml:lang="ru">Коновалов С.Н., Бобкова В.В., Сазонов Ф.Ф., Борисова А.А.</copyright-holder><copyright-holder xml:lang="en">Konovalov S.N., Bobkova V.V., Sazonov F.F., Borisova A.A.</copyright-holder><license xml:lang="ru" license-type="creative-commons-attribution" xlink:href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/" xlink:type="simple"><license-p>Данная работа распространяется под лицензией Creative Commons Attribution 4.0.</license-p></license><license xml:lang="en" license-type="creative-commons-attribution" xlink:href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/" xlink:type="simple"><license-p>This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License.</license-p></license></permissions><self-uri xlink:href="https://www.plodovodstvo.com/jour/article/view/1461">https://www.plodovodstvo.com/jour/article/view/1461</self-uri><abstract><p>Статья является обзорной и посвящена исследованию закономерностей формирования филогенетической структуры фитомикробиомов и методам селекции растений, направленным на их оптимизацию с целью получения новых фенотипов с ценными хозяйственными свойствами. При создании высокопродуктивных адаптивных сортов плодовых и ягодных культур необходимо использование ресурса ассоциированных микроорганизмов, входящих в состав фитомикробиома (эндосферы, филлосферы, ризосферы), которые выполняют важную роль в реализации потенциала генотипа и могут способствовать получению новых форм с более высоким уровнем проявления полезных признаков. С этой целью обоснована необходимость разработки экологически безопасных направлений и методов селекции, основанных на достижениях синтетической биологии и инженерии фитомикробиома, оптимизирующих симбиоз растений и микроорганизмов. Эта стратегия может ускорить селекционный процесс, а их использование увеличит количество и качество доноров и источников с хозяйственно-ценными признаками.</p></abstract><trans-abstract xml:lang="en"><p>This article reviews recent advances in understanding the mechanisms underlying the formation of phylogenetic structure in phytomicrobiomes and examines plant breeding strategies aimed at optimizing these mechanisms to obtain novel phenotypes with valuable agronomic traits. In the development of highly productive and adaptive varieties of fruit and berry crops, the functional potential of associated microorganisms comprising the phytomicrobiome (endosphere, phyllosphere, and rhizosphere) should be considered. These microbial communities play an essential role in realizing the genetic potential of plants and may facilitate the breeding of new varieties with improved economically important traits. The article underscores the importance of developing environmentally safe breeding strategies and methods based on advances in synthetic biology and phytomicrobiome engineering that optimize the symbiosis between plants and microorganisms. This can accelerate the breeding process and increase the number and quality of donors and sources with economically valuable traits.</p></trans-abstract><kwd-group xml:lang="ru"><kwd>сорт</kwd><kwd>фитомикробиом</kwd><kwd>эндофитные бактерии</kwd><kwd>вертикальная передача микроорганизмов</kwd><kwd>горизонтальный перенос генов</kwd><kwd>селекция</kwd><kwd>синтетическая биология</kwd><kwd>инженерия фитомикробиома.</kwd></kwd-group><kwd-group xml:lang="en"><kwd>variety</kwd><kwd>phytomicrobiome</kwd><kwd>endophytic bacteria</kwd><kwd>vertical microorganism transmission</kwd><kwd>horizontal gene transfer</kwd><kwd>breeding</kwd><kwd>synthetic biology</kwd><kwd>phytomicrobiome engineering.</kwd></kwd-group><funding-group><funding-statement xml:lang="ru">Исследования выполнены в соответствии с государственным заданием ФГБНУ ФНЦ Садоводства по теме «Разработка технологий повышения уровня реализации генетического потенциала селекционных форм и управления качеством многолетних агроценозов на основе биологизированных методов управления продукционным процессом и оптимизации минерального питания» (FGUW-2024-0003).</funding-statement><funding-statement xml:lang="en">The research was carried out within the state order of FSBSO ARHCBAN for the topic «Development of technologies for increasing the level of realization of genetic potential of selection forms and quality management of perennial agrocenoses using biologized methods of productivity process management and optimization of mineral nutrition» (FGUW-2024-0003).</funding-statement></funding-group></article-meta></front><back><ref-list><title>References</title><ref id="cit1"><label>1</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Сазонов Ф. 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