Chemical composition of strawberry fruit in the Сentral black earth region of Russia

In order to facilitate the development of rational norms of food consumption, meeting the modern requirements of healthy nutrition, the databases containing information on the chemical composition of fruit and berry crops should be regularly updated. In the presented research, we studied the nutrient composition of fruits of promising strawberry and zemklunika (hybrid of wild strawberry and strawberry) varieties grown in the Central Black Earth Region of Russia (Michurinsk). The research was conducted in 2019–2023 using the facilities of the Laboratory for Biochemistry and Food Technology and the Laboratory for Genetics and Breeding, I. V. Michurin Federal Research Center. The research objects were the fruits of strawberry varieties from the FSSI of I. V. Michurin Federal Research Center, introduced varieties of domestic and foreign selection (47 specimens in total). In the varieties under study, the following chemical parameters were determined: soluble solids content – 10.3±0.2% Brix, total sugars – 7.4±0.2%, organic acids – 0.85±0.02%, pH of fruit juice – 3.48±0.03, ascorbic acid – 62.1±2.0 mg/100 g, and anthocyanins – 44.1±2.9 mg/100 g. In terms of sugar content (above 8.5%), the genotypes of Bylinnaya, Lastochka, Pamyati Zubova, Rubinovyy Kulon, Allegro, Chamora Turusi, Flamenco, and Limalexia were distinguished. In terms of ascorbic acid (above 70.0 mg/100 g), the highest parameters were shown by Kokinskaya Zarya, Kupchikha (zemklunika), Olimpiyskaya Nadezhda, Rusich, Slavutich, Torpeda, Festivalnaya, Florence, and Limalexia. The varieties Zenit, Kokinskaya Zarya, Privlekatel’naya, Rubinovyy Kulon, Torpeda, and Feyyerverk were most optimal in terms of anthocyanin content (above 70.0 mg/100 g). Considering the daily requirement in vitamin C of 100 mg, 100 g of strawberry fruits can satisfy it by 62.1 %, or by 31.2–107.1% taking varietal diff erences into account. Consumption of only 100 g of anthocyanin-rich varieties satisfi es the daily requirement for these compounds (50 mg) by 144.6–192.2%. In terms of the integral parameters of chemical composition, the following varieties were selected: Rubinovyy Kulon, Pamyati Zubova, and Flora (selection by Federal Research Center); Kokinskaya Zarya and Rusich (selection by FSBSO ARHCBAN); Allegro, Limalexia, and Vima Zanta (Netherlands), as well as Flamenco (Great Britain). High-vitamin strawberry varieties are recommended for inclusion in dietary nutrition, as the basis in the development of functional food products, and in breeding for obtaining varieties with improved chemical composition.

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