Preview

Pomiculture and small fruits culture in Russia

Advanced search
Open Access Open Access  Restricted Access Subscription Access

Effect of alkalized irrigation water on soil acidity in intensive apple orchards

https://doi.org/10.31676/2073-4948-2025-81-76-91

Abstract

The widespread introduction of intensive apple growing technologies involving drip irrigation and fertigation systems in the Central Chernozem Region of Russia causes an increase in soil acidity during orchard operation. Under the condition of existing apple orchards, the use of the conventional approach to optimizing soil pH through liming may be limited and economically unjustified. At present, both domestic and foreign literature considers various methods for combating increased soil acidity, including the use of alkaline water. During the 2022-2024 period, the effect of drip irrigation with alkalized water on soil acidity was studied at I. V. Michurin Federal Scientific Center. The experiments were carried out in intensive-type plantations (Ligol variety, year of planting 2018, rootstock 62-396, scheme 4.5 x 1.2 m (1852 trees/ha)). In 2022, during the first experimental year, the application of potassium hydroxide (KOH) did not have a significant effect on the soil pH in most experimental variants. In 2023 and 2024, KOH application led to a significant increase in soil pH; however, the degree of impact was ambiguous in different variants and not determined by the application rate in individual years. Over the entire period of observation, the use of KOH-alkalized irrigation water at rates of 2.25-4.5 kg/ha stimulated a significant increase in the pH value by 0.67-1.01 units of soil pH in accordance with the doses used. In general, over the years of the experiment, the use of alkalized water for irrigation had no negative effect on the apple tree yield. The use of alkalized water for irrigation may be a promising method for a short-term optimization of the soil acidity of intensive apple plantations. However, further research should be conducted to investigate all the related aspects, including the characteristics of apple tree condition, yield, and soil fertility.

About the Authors

A. I. Kuzin
I. V. Michurin Federal Research Center; Michurinsk State Agrarian University; Tambov State University named after G. R. Derzhavin
Kazakhstan

Michurinsk

Tambov



H. Ya. Kashirskaya
I. V. Michurin Federal Research Center
Kazakhstan

Michurinsk



G. B. Sviridov
I. V. Michurin Federal Research Center
Russian Federation

Michurinsk



A. M. Kochkina
I. V. Michurin Federal Research Center
Russian Federation

Michurinsk



G. N. Pugachev
I. V. Michurin Federal Research Center
Russian Federation

Michurinsk



References

1. Колесников В. А. Корневая система плодовых и ягодных растений. М.: Колос, 1974, 509 с.

2. Luo J., Zhao J., Zhou J., Li Z. Marked Spatial Variability in Acidity Characteristics of Purple Soil at Field Scale Induced by Citrus Plantation, Agronomy. 2025;15(5):1022. DOI: 10.3390/agronomy15051022.

3. Кузин А. И., Пугачев Г. Н., Кушнер А. В., Арцыбашева Н. С., Карпухина С. А. Влияние фертигации минеральными удобрениями на сезонные изменения рНКСl луговато-черноземной почвы в саду яблони, Плодоводство и ягодоводство России. 2024;78:70-83. DOI: 10.31676/2073-4948-2024-78-70-83.

4. Пугачев Г. Н., Кузин А. И. Некоторые аспекты изменения почвенного плодородия в садах интенсивного и традиционного типа, Агропромышленные технологии Центральной России. 2019;2(12):85-101. DOI: 10.24888/2541-7835-2019-12-85-101.

5. Čabilovski R., Brayek A., Magazin N., Petković K., Manojlović M. Drip Fertigation In Apple Orchards: Impact on Soil Chemical Properties and Nutrient Distribution In Relation to Soil Texture, Journal of Agricultural Sciences. 2019;25(4):481-490. DOI: 10.15832/ankutbd.410265.

6. URL: http://agromaster.ru/katalog/fertigatory/npkmikro/ Ссылка активна на 09.04.2025.

7. Robinson T. L., Cheng L., Fazio G., Watkins C., Miranda Sazo M., Gonzalez L., Lawrence B., Kahke C., Basedow M., Francescatto P., Al Farqani A., Lopez S. Management of ‘Honeycrisp’ apple trees for maximum sustained yield and minimal bitter pit, Fruit Quarterly. 2024;32:4-10.

8. Шильников И. А., Аканова Н. И., Зеленов Н. А. Известкование – главный фактор сохранения почв и повышения продуктивности сельскохозяйственных культур, Достижения науки и техники АПК. 2008;1:21-23.

9. Гуреева Е. В. Воздействие извести и минеральных удобрений на урожайность и качество зерна сои (на примере Рязанской области), Вестник АПК Верхневолжья. 2021;4(56):5-9. DOI: 10.35694/YARCX.2021.56.4.001.

10. Wójcik P. Response of ‘Red delicious’ apple trees to different liming strategies after drip fertigation with ammonium nitrate, Journal of Elementology. 2018;23(3):913-925. DOI: 10.5601/jelem.2017.22.3.1532.

11. Artacho P., Schwantes D., Martabit P., Bonomelli C. Effects of Successive Top-Dressing Application of Lime on a Sweet Cherry Orchard in Southern Chile, Agronomy. 2024;14(9):2151. DOI: 10.3390/agronomy14092151.

12. Патент РФ на изобретение № 2346973 / 20.02.09. Бюл. № 5. Тимофеев А. Н., Игнатов Н. И., Асеева Т. А., Величко В. Н., Голов В. И. Способ раскисления почвы. Доступно по: https://poleznayamodel.ru/patent/234/2346973.html. Ссылка активна на 26.05.2025.

13. Лукин С. В. Мониторинг агроэкологического состояния пахотных почв Центрально-Черноземного района России, Агрохимия. 2023;4:67-77. DOI: 10.31857/S0002188123040075.

14. Аничин В. Л., Орлов Н. И. Экономическая эффективность известкования кислых почв, Вестник Курской ГСХА. 2008;6:34-38.

15. Цокур Д. С. Система стабилизации кислотности почвы при выращивании томатов в условиях закрытого грунта, Научный журнал КубГАУ. 2013;93(09):998-1020.

16. Kuzin A. I., Kashirskaya N. Y., Solovchenko A. E., Kochkina A. M., Stepantsowa L. V., Krasin V. N., Konchekov E. M., Lukanin V. I., Sergeichev K. F., Gudkova V. V., Khort D. O., Smirnov I. G. Influence of Plasma-Activated Water on Foliar and Fruit Micronutrient Content and Plant Protection Efficiency, Horticulturae. 2024;10(1):55. DOI: 10.3390/horticulturae10010055.

17. Horneck D., Wysocki D., Hopkins B., Young B., Hart. J. Stevens R. Acidyfying soil for crop production: Inland Pasific Northwest. A Pacific Northwest Extention Publication. PNW 599-E. Oregon: Oregon State University, 2007, 15.

18. Кушнер А. В., Кузин А. И. Влияние погоды на динамику содержания калия в листьях яблони, Плодоводство и ягодоводство России. 2023;74:50-61.

19. Минеев В. Г., Сычев В. Г., Амельянчик O. A., Болышева Т. Н., Гомонова Н. Ф., Дурынина Е. П., Егоров B. C., Егорова Е. В., Едемская Н. Л., Карпова Е. А., Прижукова В. Г. Практикум по агрохимии. M.: Изд-во МГУ, 2001, 69-70.

20. Доспехов Б. А. Методика полевого опыта. М.: Агропромиздат, 1985, 351 с.

21. Матушов А. Я., Абрамов Н. В., Шерстобитов С. В. Взаимосвязь агрохимических показателей и урожайности сельскохозяйственных культур: Стратегические ресурсы Тюменского АПК: Люди, наука, технологии. Сб. тр. LVIII межд. науч.-практ. конф. студ., асп. и мол. уч., 12 марта Тюмень, 2024 г., Тюмень: Изд-во ГАУ Северного Зауралья, 2024, 203-207.

22. Несговорова Н. П., Савельев В. Г. Кислотность почв как фактор формирования видового состава фитоценозов некоторых охраняемых территорий Курганской области России, Успехи современного естествознания. 2022;6:35-40.

23. Al Fargani A., Cheng L., Robinson T. L., Fazio G. Effect of solution pH on root architecture of four apple rootstocks grown in an aeroponics nutrient misting system, Frontier in Plant Science. 2024;15:15. DOI: 10.3389/fpls.2024.1351679.

24. Al Farqani A., Fazio G., Cheng L., Robinson T. L. Effects of soil pH on growth, early fruiting and mineral nutrient profile of ‘Honeycrisp’ apple trees grafted on eight rootstocks, Scientia Horticulturae. 2025;342:114029. DOI: 10.1016/j.scienta.2025.114029.

25. Cheng L. Determining Lime Requirement for Adjusting Soil pH in Apple Orchards, NewYork Fruit Quaterly. 2015;23:15-18.

26. Li W., Gao J., Zhou S., Zhou F. Effect of Biochar on Apple Yield and Quality in Aged Apple Orchards on the Loess Plateau (China), Agronomy. 2024;14:1125. DOI: 10.3390/agronomy14061125.

27. Yadav K., Singh A., Aggarwal N. K., Yadav G., Basak N., Bhardwaj A. K., Yadav R. K. Prolonged alkali water irrigation: impacts of treatment strategies on soil health and microbial dynamics, Ecological Process. 2024;13:80. DOI: 10.1186/s13717-024-00559-9.

28. Jozefaciuk G., Hoffmann, Renger M., Marschner B. Effect of extreme acid and alkali treatment on surface properties of soils, Journal of Plant Nutrition and Soil Science. 2000;163(6):595-601. DOI: 10.1002/1522-2624(200012)163:63.0.CO;2-H.

29. Jozefaciuk G., Muranyi A., Alekseeva T. Effect of extreme acid and alkali treatment on soil variable charge, Geoderma. 2002;109(3-4):225-243. DOI: 10.1016/S0016-7061(02)00177-5.


Review

For citations:


Kuzin A.I., Kashirskaya H.Ya., Sviridov G.B., Kochkina A.M., Pugachev G.N. Effect of alkalized irrigation water on soil acidity in intensive apple orchards. Pomiculture and small fruits culture in Russia. 2025;81:76-91. (In Russ.) https://doi.org/10.31676/2073-4948-2025-81-76-91

Views: 44


ISSN 2073-4948 (Print)