Peculiarities of in vitro propagation of gooseberry varieties

Abstract

The article presents the results of the study on the morphogenesis peculiarities of Ribes uva-crispa L. varieties at all stages of in vitro cultivation and adaptation to ex vitro conditions. The optimal method of sterilization at the initiation stage to in vitro culture was established: consistent application of 2 % «Fundazole» solution with an exposure of 10-15 minutes, 70 % ethanol for 30 seconds and 7 % calcium hypochlorite for 5-7 minutes. The maximum number of viable gooseberry regenerants was obtained in the selection of initial explants during the beginning of active shoots growth (April – early May). The regeneration frequency was 70-80 %, depending on the variety. The optimal size of explants, the mineral and carbohydrate composition of the culture medium, and the cultivation conditions at the propagation stage were determined. The highest multiplication rate was characterized by varieties: Grushenka (6.1-6.7), Beryl (3.1-4.9) and Chernomor (3.5-4.5). It has been established that Quorin and Lepoivre culture medium was the most eff ective medium for the cultivation of the studied gooseberry varieties. As a source of carbohydrates, the use of sucrose at a concentration of 30 g/L was optimal. It was found eff ective to cultivate gooseberries for 20-25 days at a reduced temperature (16-18 °C) at the propagation stage. The efficiency of using 1.0 mg/l IBA at the rooting stage was revealed. The use of sphagnum as part of the soil substrate at the adaptation of gooseberry regenerants contributed to a high survival rate (97-100 %) in all substrate variants. The study of the infl uence of the composition of the soil substrate on the growth dynamics of regenerants showed that the adaptation of gooseberries was eff ectively carried out on a substrate consisting of peat and sphagnum.