Comparative analysis of introduced apricot forms in the conditions of the Orenburg Pre-Urals

Abstract

The article the contribution the study of tolerance of apricot forms to water deficiency and high temperature. The research was carried out in 2018-2019 on the basis of the Orenburg Experimental Station of Horticulture and Viticulture of All-Russian Horticultural Institute for Breeding, Agrotechnology and Nursery. During the research, 6 forms of apricot were studied (OR-1-1, OR-1-2, OR-4-3, OR-4-39, OR10-5, OR-10-6), the planting scheme was 5×4 m. The soil cover of the experimental site is southern Chernozem, low-humus, low-power, washed away. According to the results of laboratory studies, apricot forms with a low water loss limit of OR-1-2 (41.6 %) and OR-4-3 (45.2 %) were identified. The maximum parameter for relative turgor was observed in the Chelyabinskii rannii (St) variety (97.4 %) and the OR form-4-3 (98.9 %). Analysis of heat resistance revealed that all the studied forms and varieties of apricot (Chelyabinskii rannii) at a temperature of +50 °C had leaf browning of more than 80 %. According to the results of a two-year field experiment, it was found that the forms of apricot OR-4-3 and OR-4-39 had a high productivity of 34.0-36.0 and 33.7-38.9 kg per tree, respectively. The forms OR-1-2, OR-4-3 and OR-4-39 are most adapted to the local climate and are of interest for cultivation and further breeding work in the conditions of the Orenburg Pre-Urals.