PARTICULAR TECHNIQUES OF OBTAINING BRANCHED PEAR SEEDLINGS

Abstract

 The article reviews some methods of cultivation of pear seedlings with branched crown. The main condition for obtaining such seedlings is a high budding that facilitates the shoot formation. Maria and Tavricheskaya varieties of pear grafted on KA 92 stock showed the greatest number of shoots in the crowning area in our study. When budding at a height of 25 cm number of branches in the crowning area increases by 2.5 times (5.4 pcs). It is noted that three nipping at the interval of 10 days (in the second field of the nursery) allows you to obtain 38–86 % more crowned seedlings. The formation of shoots also depends largely on the type of stock, grafted variety and timing of techniques that stimulate this process. The purpose of the research was to improve individual technological methods in the production of pear planting material in order to obtain crowned seedlings. The analysis of the obtained data makes it possible to state the fact that a number of factors affect the final outcome. Obtaining standard crowned seedlings is possible if a number of technological requirements are met. The second ten-day period of July should be considered as optimal terms of nipping of winter pear varieties on the KA and BA 29 series stocks. The highest yield of crowned, standard pear seedlings (83–84 %) was observed in Maria and Tavricheskaya varieties on the stock of KA 92, with high budding (25 cm).