FERTILITY, SELF-FRUCTIFICATION AND VIABILITY OF POLLEN OF HYBRID FORMS OF PEACH BREEDING OF THE NIKITSKY BOTANICAL GARDEN

Abstract

A study of fertility, self-fructifi cation and viability of pollen of 25 hybrid forms of peach breeding at the Nikitsky Botanical Gardens was made in 2012-2015. As a result of the study it was noted that pollen grains of hybrid peach forms have a triangular or oval shape. The diameter of the pollen grains in the forms varied from 37,3 to 42,6 μm. The viability of pollen grains of hybrid forms was 22,4-70,5%. The maximum values were for the forms B×FM 80-686 (70,5%), ZM×PR 84-3071 (69,8%), M×N 83-954 (68,5%), C×K III 1/3 (65,3%), C×K III 2/5 (64,6%). Fertility rates were ranged from 13,5 to 52,3%. Forms T × (I1 26-76) 85-197 (52,3%), PK of free pollination × T 85-104 (51,8%), P × K 80-635 (48,2%) were marked with high values. Formation of fruits from self-pollination of hybrid peach forms was reached 82,7%. The maximum values were in the forms C×K III 1/3 (82,7%), M×N 83-936 (66,9%), P free pollination 59-14 (69,7%), M×N 83- 954 (62,3%). The obtained results are of interest in the further breeding work with peach.