ARCHITECTONICS OF THE ROOT SYSTEM OF APPLE TREES DEPENDING ON THE SYSTEMS OF MAINTENANCE OF SOIL BETWEEN ROWS OF GARDEN

Abstract

The research on the study of the architectonics of the root system of apple trees under the infl uence of different systems of soil maintenance are carried out. Calculation of sections of skeletal and semi-skeletal roots on the vertical wall of the trench was implemented at a distance of 1 and 2 m from the strain of Welsey apple varieties on seed rootstock. The aim of the research was to study the placement of apple roots on the soil profi le on black fallow and continuous turf process. Regardless of the systems of soil maintenance in the rows of the garden, the bulk of the roots is concentrated in the soil layer of 20-60 cm - 61.4-79.6%. On the black follow the yield of roots on the vertical wall of the trench at the distance of 1 m from the bole was to 1.45 times more than at continuous turf process. On the black follow, the roots were a greater extent grow in the aisle compared to turf. In this embodiment, depending on the horizon placement, the roots was more into 3-8 pieces at a distance of 2 m from the trunk compared to the distance from the trunk to 1 m. On continous turf a 230 greater number of roots was observed in bole area regardless of depth. Therefore, on the black follow, the best conditions are created in the aisles of the garden, and on the continuous turf process in the trunk zone, where there is no competition with herbaceous vegetation for the nutrients.