DEVELOPMENT OF THE TECHNOLOGY OF APPLE TREES PROTECTION AGAINST SCAB AND POWDERY MILDEW ON THE BASIS OF NEW BIOFUNGICIDES IN THE INTEGRATED PLANT PROTECTION SYSTEM AND ORGANIC AGRICULTURE

The goal of research was to study the technology of new biofungicides application against pathogens Venturia inaequalis (Cooke) G. Winter and Podosphaera leucotricha (Ellis & Everh.) E.S. Salmon in the integrated system of plant protection and organic farming. In 2016 and production tests were carried out to determine the biological and economic efficacy of laboratory samples of biofungicides under the conditions of Rostov Region and Krasnodar Krai. Regular technology of the traditional plant protection products application was used as a standard. In the conditions of the Rostov region in 2016 and 2017 before harvesting, depending on the variety of apples, the prevalence of the disease on fruits in the economic standard was 2.5 and 40.7%, and in the best experimental version did not exceed 1.6 and 36.0%. In the conditions of the Rostov region in 2016 and 2017 before harvesting, depending on the apple variety, the prevalence of the disease on fruits in the economic standard was 2.5 and 40.7%, and in the best experimental version did not exceed 1.6 and 36.0%. The yield of apples with the application of the test technology was 24% higher than with the use of the standard technology. The laboratory samples of biofungicides were quite effective at early stages of powdery mildew and alternaria development in Krasnodar Krai. We observed higher efficacy than in the technology using commercial biological preparations, 1.5-5.5% and 8-13% respectively. The use of laboratory samples of biofungicides in a young garden contributed to the preservation of yield by 25-105% in comparison to the standard technology. Application of the technology based on the biofungicides laboratory samples, depending on the type of farming system, allowed to save up to 70% of the cost of the fungicides.

Bacillus subtilis, Pseudomonas chlororaphis, Bacillus subtilis, Pseudomonas chlororaphis, biofungicide, microbiopreparation, biological effectiveness, economic effectiveness, apple tree

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