Ecological evaluation of cultivating promising varieties of strawberryin the steppe zone of the Samara region

Abstract

The aim of the research is to study the ecological and adaptive resistance stability of promising varieties of strawberry (Elsanta, Honey, Marmolada) during cultivation in the steppe zone of the Samara Region. The research was conducted during 2010-2013 in the steppe zone of the Samara Region on industrial plantations of strawberry garden. The data of phenological observations are provided, from which it follows that the studied varieties in the southern zone of the Samara region are characterized by different developmental periods: the Honey variety - early, Elsanta is average, Marmoladа is very late. The most high-yielding variety is Marmolada (13,0 t/ha), loweryields are for Elsanta (11,9 t/ha) and Honey (10,9 t/ha). The plants of the strawberry variety Elsanta and Honey are resistant to the accumulation of heavy metals, the total accumulation of heavy metals is 1,8 and 1,1 times lower than on the variety Marmolada. Series of intensity of absorption of heavy metals for the studied varieties are:Elsanta Cu0,98˃Zn0,59˃Mn0,23˃Cd0,075˃Cr0,049˃Pb0,034˃Fe0,017Honey Сu1,66˃Zn0,89˃Mn0,37˃Cd0,19˃ Cr0,057˃Pb0,056˃ Fe0,028Marmolada Cu2,16˃Zn0,99˃Mn0,30˃Cd0,14˃ Cr0,064˃Pb0,057˃ Fe0,032