The purpose of the research is to evaluate the new promising variety Omsky 103 in terms of yield and quality indicators in the conditions of Western Siberia. The studies were carried out in the period 2017-2021. 2019 was characterized by optimal conditions in terms of moisture supply (hydrothermal coefficient = 1.10); excessive moisture was noted in 2018; dry conditions – in 2017, 2020 and 2021 (hydrothermal coefficient=0.58…0.77). A new promising variety Omskiy 103 (variety medicum) of the mid-season group, drought-resistant, weak susceptibility to black, stone and dusty smut. The pedigree of the variety Omskiy 103 contains varieties and lines of breeding of the Omsk Agrarian Scientific Center (Pallidum 3733, Medicum 4602, Medicum 4771, Rikotense 3928, Rikotense 3928, Rikotense 4432, Omskiy 85, Omskiy 89), other scientific centers of the Russian Federation (Belgorodsky K-22089, Cyclone, Dobry, Olympus) and foreign selection (Keystone). A new promising variety Omsky 103 (variety medicum) of the mid-season group. The advantages of the new Omskiy 103 variety in terms of grain quality are an increased content of protein (13.27 %; + 0.15 % to st. and + 0.49 % to the Omskiy 102 variety) and starch (56.41 %; + 0.62 % to St. and +0.35 % to Omskiy 102). Also, a positive characteristic of the Omskiy 102 variety is an increased grain size (+10.04 g to st.). Due to the increased yield (5.36 t/ha; +0.77 t/ha to st. and +0.26 t/ha to the Omskiy 102 variety), the new promising variety forms an increased yield per unit area of protein (580.8 kg/a; +117 kg/ha to st. and +52.6 kg/ha to Omskiy 102) and starch (2.6 t/ha; +0.5 t/ha to st. and +0.2 t / ha to variety Omskiy 102). Variety Omsky 103 is recommended for use in agricultural production.

The article presents the results of the study of strawberry varieties in winter hardiness, yield, resistance to diseases and pests. The research was carried out in 2020-2021 in the Federal Scientific Selection and Technology Center for Horticulture. The objects of study were 15 varieties of garden strawberries of various genetic origin. The purpose of the research is to evaluate the varieties of garden strawberries in the conditions of the Orenburg region for winter hardiness, productivity, resistance to diseases and pests and to identify the best for breeding. As a result of two-year studies of the resistance of strawberry varieties to low temperatures of the winter period, winter-hardy varieties were identified Aleksandrina, Dukat, Elliot, Orlec, Najdena Dobraya, Rubinovyj Kulon, Desnyanka Kokinskaya. Common diseases and pests of strawberries in the Orenburg region are white spot, brown spot, gray rot and strawberry mite. During the years of the study, there was dry hot weather, which contributed to the least development of diseases, but also negatively affected the development of strawberry plants. The defeat of gray rot in the studied varieties was not noted. Field resistance to white spotting was shown by the varieties Orlec, Najdena Dobraya, Daryonka, Baunti, Aleksandrina, Rubinovyj Kulon, Bogota, Troickaya, Desnyanka Kokinskaya, Dukat. The defeat of brown spotting from 0 to 0.3 points was noted in the varieties Rubinovyj Kulon, Desnyanka Kokinskaya. Aleksandrina, Najdena Dobraya. According to yield records, the following varieties were distinguished: Bogota (11,1 t/ga), Troickaya (10,9 t/ga), Daryonka and Dukat (10,3 t/ga), Aleksandrina (9,7 t/ga), Elliot (9,5 t/ga), Desnyanka Kokinskaya (9,4 t/ga), Kalinka (9,3 t/ga). According to the results of the evaluation of strawberry varieties, the starting material for breeding in the Orenburg region can be varieties Aleksandrina, Najdena Dobraya, Rubinovyj Kulon, Desnyanka Kokinskaya. Daryonka, Bogota, Troickaya.

In our country, the productivity of strawberries ranges from 2 to 10 t/ha and is limited mainly by unfavorable soil and climatic conditions and genetic imperfection of the zoned assortment. So according to employees of the State Export Commission and research institutions, some varieties of strawberries are able to produce 20-30 in different regions. The purpose of our research was to study the biological characteristics of varieties of garden strawberries in the conditions of the southern forest-steppe of the Republic of Bashkortostan and to identify promising varieties to improve the assortment. The research was carried out on the experimental field of the fruit and berry nursery of the Educational and Scientific Center of the Bashkir State Agrarian University, located in the conditions of the southern forest-steppe of the Republic of Bashkortostan. The objects of research were varieties of garden strawberries adapted to local conditions and completely new to our zone: Festival, Kimberly, Zenga-Zengana, Clery, Alba, Asia, Roxana. The zoned assortment of garden strawberries does not fully meet the modern requirements of industrial and amateur gardening. Varieties with a high level of adaptability to abiotic and biotic stresses are needed, suitable for fresh consumption and for technical processing. Currently, the selection of new varieties, an integrated approach to the study of garden strawberries, the assessment of the genetic potential of varieties, their resistance to major diseases and pests, as well as adverse environmental factors, is of particular relevance. In this regard, the identification of varieties with the necessary economic and valuable characteristics will make it possible to effectively cultivate strawberries in the conditions of the southern forest-steppe of the Republic of Bashkortostan. The productivity of garden strawberries in the studied years (2019-2021) depended on the variety, the age of the plantings and weather conditions during the growing season. The duration of flowering of strawberry varieties for an average of three years was 11-14 days. The longest flowering was observed in the Roxana variety. Early fruit ripening, on average for three years (2019-2021), was typical for the Festival variety (June 15-16). Later, the berries began to ripen in the Roxana variety. The highest yield, on average for three years, was in the Kimberly variety (20.8 t/ ha), the lowest – in the Festival variety (12.8 t/ha). The best indicators of the tasting evaluation were noted in the varieties Kimberly and Asia.

This paper presents the results of evaluation by average berry weight of 64 varieties of strawberry, 64 varieties of currant, 29 gooseberry and 21 honeysuckle, bred by breeders of different scientific institutions in FSBSI SakhSRIA. The purpose is to evaluate the collection of berry crops by weight of berries with the allocation of large-fruited varieties. The research was conducted at the site of the Sakhalin Research Institute of Agriculture. According to the results of long-term studies, from 2010 to 2021 in the gooseberry collection, very large berries were noted in the variety Ballet, with a berry weight of 6.4 g, 9 varieties - large berries weighing 4.1-5.7 g, 16 varieties - medium, 2 – small, 1 – very small berry; in the collection of honeysuckle, two varieties - Morena, Tundra, with a berry weight of 1.4 g, large - 11 varieties with a weight of 1.0-1.2 g, medium – 8, varieties with small and very small berries were not identified; in the collection of garden strawberries, 40 varieties with very large berries, weight 12.4-25.2 g (Tanyusha, Felicia, Queen Elizabeth, Amulet, The Gift of Destiny, etc.), 13 – large, 7 – large, 4.5-25.2 g, 8 – medium-sized, 8 – small – small.), 13 varieties – large, 7 – medium, 3 – small, varieties with very small berries were not identified; in the black currant collection, 26 varieties had very large berries, weighing 3.7-3.1 g – Yadrynaya, Exotica, Dar Smolyaninova, etc, 12 varieties – large, weighing 1.2-1.5 g, 10 – medium, with small and very small berries by one variety; in red currants, 10 varieties – very large with a weight of 1.0-2.1 g – Dream, Urals Beauty, Marmaladnitsa, Early Sweet and others, 3 – large, weighing 0.8 g, 2 – medium, varieties with small and very small berries were not noted. As a result of the research, berry crop collections were evaluated by berry mass with the identification of large-fruited varieties for further industrial and amateur cultivation in the conditions of southern Sakhalin.

The Volgograd region is considered as a southern subject of Russia, with the potential for the active development of horticulture. The ameliorative role of garden protection plantings of openwork design and the experience of introduction work on the selection of adapted woody plants for a given type of plantings are shown. The limiting climatic conditions that determine the effectiveness of the creation and functioning of gardens of various types are identified. The goal is to identify the prospects of introduced species of the genus Gleditsia L. as an assortment for garden protection plantings in the south of Russia. An integrated approach was applied to assess the effectiveness of the introduction of four species and one form of the genus Gleditsia L. under conditions of chestnut soils (collections, forest plantations in the cadastral plots of the Federal Scientific Center for Agroecology of the Russian Academy of Sciences and its branch, Volgograd Region). The natural ranges of Gleditsia L. species were identified with the allocation of USDA frost resistance zones: G. aquatica (VIb - IXb, minimum temperatures from -19 °С to -2.5 °С) and G. texana (VIIb - IXb; from -14 °С to -2,5 °С), G. triacanthos (Vа – IX zones, with temperatures from -28 °С to -5 °С). Ecological and physiological assessment showed drought resistance in conditions of moisture deficiency and high temperatures. The water content of the leaf changed slightly (about 5 %): G. caspica – 67,8 % - 62,3%, G. triacanthos – 67,2 % - 62,0 %, G. texana – 64,5 % - 60,9 %, G. japonica – 61,5 % - 57,9 %. The inventory of the forest belt with the participation of G. triacanthos revealed the differentiation of trees according to the degree of their winter hardiness: the group with winter hardiness of 3 points – 38 % of the total number of registered specimens (280); 2 points – 41 %, 1 point – 21 %. Taxation indicators and high safety (93%) of G. triacanthos plants were obtained under conditions of chestnut soils of medium and light loamy granulometric composition, which are of practical importance for calculating the reclamation effect of plantations. The results of the arealogical analysis, ecological and physiological assessment, and the study of taxation indicators made it possible to isolate the introduced species of North American origin from the Gleditsia L. polymorphic generic complex: Gleditsia texana, G. caspica, and G. triacanthos to create effective blown few-row strips.

The article summarized the results of six-year (2016-2021) comprehensive introduction study of 21 cultivars of the Narcissus x hybridus hort. collection of Cheboksary Branch of the MBG RAS in order to determine the most promising for cultivation in the soil and climatic conditions of the Middle Volga region. During the research, we were guided by the methodological recommendations of the Floriculture Department of the Main Botanical Garden named after N.V. Tsitsin RAS. According to the unified international classification of cultivated varieties of narcissus, the studied cultivars belong to two groups – large-cupped (17 cultivars) and small-cupped (4 cultivars). Records and observations have established that the majority of collection cultivars (16) bloom in the middle term (28.IV10.V), 3 cultivars in the late (11-21.V). The ‘Binkie’ cultivar is classified as mid-early (26.IV-4.V), the ‘Blaris’ cultivar is classified as mid-late (5-14.V). It was revealed that the cultivars – ‘Binkie’, ‘Home Fires’ and ‘Hyperion’ have a short flowering period – 8-12, 7-13 days. The longest flowering periods (more than 2 weeks) were noted of cultivars – ‘Pink Fancy’ (1517 days), ‘Daydream’ (15-19), ‘Agathon’ (15-20). The data of decorative and economic and biological indicators of collection cultivars are determined. The decorative qualities of the introduced cultivars were evaluated on a 100-point scale, while taking into account the color, size and shape of the flower, the length and strength of the peduncle, productivity and duration of flowering, aroma, originality, condition of plants. As a result of the conducted research, 9 cultivars with high decorative qualities and total scores of more than 90 points were identified – ‘Amor’ (94 points), ‘Ice Follies’ (94), ‘Snow Princess’ (94), ‘Mercato’ (93), ‘Passionale’ (93), ‘Hyperion’ (92), ‘Daydream’ (91), ‘Florissant’ (91), ‘White Plume’ (91). The economic and biological characteristics of Narcissus x hybridus hort. cultivars were evaluated on a 50-point scale, taking into account their reproductive ability, resistance to diseases and pests, unfavourable climatic factors. With the exception of two cultivars ‘Home Fires’ (35 points) and ‘Curly’ (37), all other samples scored a total of more than 40 points, which indicates their high economic and biological characteristics. According to the sum of the assessments for decorative and economic and biological signs, promising cultivars with complex scores of more than 135 points were established: large-cupped – ‘Binkie’, ‘Florissant’, ‘Ice Follies’, ‘Mercato’, ‘Passionale’, ‘Tinker’, ‘White Plume’; small-cupped – ‘Amor’, ‘Snow Princess’. These cultivars are distinguished by large, beautifully shaped flowers with original coloring, pleasant aroma, resistant to lodging peduncles, equalized plantings, simultaneous and prolonged flowering, resistance to diseases and pests, adverse environmental factors, high flowering productivity and reproductive ability and are recommended for use in landscaping in the Middle Volga region.

Dagestan is considered one of the centers of origin of cultural grapes. This is evidenced by a huge number of indigenous grape varieties of different ripening periods and directions of use. Native varieties have a number of positive features that are widely used in the breeding process. Among them medium ripening period (Ag raisins, Khatmi), late ripening period (Agadai, Goat raisins), etc. The purpose of the research is to study the influence of weather conditions on agrobiological indicators and the onset of phenological phases of the grape plant. The experiment included 14 native grape varieties of different ripening periods and directions of crop use in the conditions of the southern coastal zone of the Republic of Dagestan. The conducted studies have established: one variety of very early ripening period (Ag emchek); 5 varieties of early ripening period (Hotsatsibil, Budai Shuli, Ceaushnovy, Khatmi); 7 early-middle varieties (Ag chakrak, Ag raisin, Gimra, Dagestan, Dzhagar, Dokur, Dubut) and 1 late-ripening variety (Chili Gulabi). And also determined agrobiological indicators and indicators of crop quality. The number of inflorescences per one developed shoot (K1 is the fruiting coefficient) is the lowest in the Budai Shuli variety-0.55, and the highest in the Gimra variety-1.74. The remaining varieties range from 0.61 to 1.56. According to the coefficient of fruitfulness (K2), the varieties Gimra and Hotsacibil are also distinguished (1.90 and 1.71, respectively). For the rest of the varieties, this indicator ranges from 1, 23-1,68. The studied varieties in the conditions of southern coastal zone were divided into four groups: very early, early, early-middle and late. Varieties Ag Emchek, Gimra and Dokur were quite productive (28.1, 23.6 and 21.0 tons, respectively). In spite of the high yields, all the varieties provided quality corresponding to the required conditions (15-20 g/100cm3).is considered one of the centers of origin of cultural grapes. This is evidenced by a huge number of indigenous grape varieties of different ripening periods and directions of use. Native varieties have a number of positive features that are widely used in the breeding process. Among them are varieties of very early ripening period (Yay white raisins and Yay pink raisins), medium ripening period (Ag raisins, Khatmi), late ripening period (Agadai, Goat raisins), etc. The purpose of the research is to study the influence of weather conditions on agrobiological indicators and the onset of phenological phases of the grape plant. The experiment included 14 native grape varieties of different ripening periods and directions of crop use in the conditions of the southern coastal zone of the Republic of Dagestan. The conducted studies have established: one variety of very early ripening period (Ag emchek); 5 varieties of early ripening period (Hotsatsibil, Budai Shuli, Ceaushnovy, Khatmi); 7 early-middle varieties (Ag chakrak, Ag raisin, Gimra, Dagestan, Dzhagar, Dokur, Dubut) and 1 late-ripening variety (Chili Gulabi). And also determined agrobiological indicators and indicators of crop quality. The number of inflorescences per one developed shoot (K1 is the fruiting coefficient) is the lowest in the Budai Shuli variety-0.55, and the highest in the Gimra variety-1.74. The remaining varieties range from 0.61 to 1.56. According to the coefficient of fruitfulness (K2), the varieties Gimra and Hotsacibil are also distinguished (1.90 and 1.71, respectively). For the rest of the varieties, this indicator ranges from 1, 23-1,68. The studied varieties in the conditions of southern coastal zone were divided into four groups: very early, early, early-middle and late. Varieties Ag Emchek, Gimra and Dokur were quite productive (28.1, 23.6 and 21.0 tons, respectively). In spite of the high yields, all the varieties provided quality corresponding to the required conditions (15-20 g/100cm3).

This study is focused on two micromycetes of the genus Fusarium: the complex species F. oxysporum and F. brachygibbosum Padwick isolated from strawberry roots from different regions of Russia. Studies were performed in 2021-2022 on samples of symptomatic plants collected in the Republic of Crimea and Voronezh Oblast. The micromycetes were studied by means of a combination of classical biological methods and molecular genetic approaches with decoding of nucleotide sequences. The subject of the work was to study the biological features of F. oxysporum and F. brachygibbosum Padwick. The work included the study of macro- and micro features of the target objects. The following cultural features were determined: structure and coloring of aerial and substrate mycelium, character of colony surface, growth rate, sporulation of fungi, pigmentation of structures and nutrient media on the studied media. The species F. brachygibbosum from planting material of strawberry originating from the Republic of Crimea was isolated and identified for the first time. As a result of studies of different composition of nutrient media, it was found that potato-glucose agar (PGA) 2 % is the most optimal nutrient medium for growth and sporulation of target isolates. It was determined that the addition of citric acid to PGA altered the macro features of the mycelium of F. brachygibbosum. Universal sites of several genes (internal transcribed spacer, actin gene, elongation translation factor gene) were studied for species identification of F. oxysporum and F. brachygibbosum. Variable gene sites for identification of the species identity of Fusarium isolates were determined. It was revealed that ITS1-5.8S-ITS2 and TEF sites could be used for interspecific differentiation of Fusarium wilts.