GLADIOLUS COLLECTION OF SOUTH URAL BOTANICAL GARDEN - INSTITUTE OF UFA FEDERAL RESEARCH CENTER OF RUSSIAN ACADEMY OF SCIENCES

The aim of the study was to study the biology, evaluation of decorative and economically valuable traits of 92 varieties of gladiolus, developing and replenishing the range of cultivated plants for use in landscaping in the forest-steppe zone of the Republic of Bashkortostan. The studies were carried out using the method of primary variety study of introduced plants. Decorativeness of gladiolus was evaluated according to the method of state variety testing of ornamental crops. The dynamics of growth were determined by measuring the height of the plants every ten days. By the method of phenological observations in botanical gardens, the seasonal rhythm of plants was studied. It is established that the collection fund of gladiolus depending on the fl owering period is divided into fi ve groups: very early - 3 varieties; early - 20; early - average - 23; average - 41; average late - 5. The decorativeness of the varieties of gladiolus was evaluated in nine parameters. As a result of the evaluation, it is established that in the collection the varieties with the fl ower form are predominate: medium-sized gandeways, predominantly red; fl owers in the infl orescence of medium density are located alternately, the fl ower stalk of medium length, strong. Most varieties are characterized by long fl owering. As result, when evaluating the decorative features of gladiolus by the score, it was revealed that the variety Russkiy Renesans was awarded the highest score (100 points), the variety Devich’i Tayny was rated at 98 points. Most varieties (90 pcs.) were estimated at 90-95 points. According to the indicators of resistance of the corms of gladiolus to diseases and pests, it was revealed that 60 varieties of the collection of the South-Ural botanical garden-Institute are resistant. To replenish the zonal assortment, 60 varieties of gladiolus were distinguished, characterized by high decorativeness, early and middle fl owering, easily propagated vegetatively, resistant to diseases and pests.

gladiolus, plant introduction, decorativeness, economically valuable characteristics

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