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RESISTANCE OF OLEA EUROPAEA L. VARIETIES AND FORMS TO UNFAVORABLE WINTER CONDITIONS ON THE SOUTHERN COAST OF THE CRIMEA

https://doi.org/10.31676/2073-4948-2019-57-32-41

Abstract

The aim of the research was to determine the degree of potential frost resistance in European olive varieties and forms, as well as O. europaea subsp. cuspidate. The other task was to identify the peculiarities of the water regime and photosynthetic apparatus functioning in connection with the negative temperatures effect. As objects of research the Olea europaea L. varieties were chosen: Nikitskaya (originated in Nikita Botanical Garden), Askolyano, Razzo, Correggiolo (of Mediterranean origin) and some forms from the Hybrid breading fund, obtained from the free pollination of Askolyano, Razzo, Correggiolo, Nikitskaya x Askolyano and the subspecies O. europaea subsp. cuspidata. Total water content and water deficit in leaf tissues were determined with the gravimetric method. Potential frost resistance was determined by annual shoot freezing in the climate chamber. The gradient of the temperature changes was 2 °C per hour. The effect of negative temperatures on the photosynthetic apparatus functioning was evaluated according to the photoinduction curve parameters changes. A high degree of frost resistance was found in Nikitskaya variety (crucial temperature –12 °C ... –14 °C). The varieties Razzo and Correggiolo demonstrated an average degree of the resistance to negative temperatures. The variety Askolyano proved to be slightly frost resistant (a crucial temperature –10 °C), and the minimum resistance was noticed in subspecies O. europaea subsp. cuspidata. The high level of water deficiency negatively affected the realization of the potential frost resistance in the European olive. The temperature near the absolute minimum on the Southern Coast of the Crimea (–15 °C) reversibly reduced the fluorescence decay coefficient in the frost-resistant variety Nikitskaya, and irreversibly inactivates the photosynthetic apparatus functioning in the low resistant subspecies O. Europaea subsp. сuspidata and Askolyano variety.

About the Author

T. B. Gubanova
«Nikita Botanical Gardens — National Scientific Center» of RAS,
Russian Federation


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Review

For citations:


Gubanova T.B. RESISTANCE OF OLEA EUROPAEA L. VARIETIES AND FORMS TO UNFAVORABLE WINTER CONDITIONS ON THE SOUTHERN COAST OF THE CRIMEA. Pomiculture and small fruits culture in Russia. 2019;57(1):32-41. (In Russ.) https://doi.org/10.31676/2073-4948-2019-57-32-41

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ISSN 2073-4948 (Print)