RESEARCH OF DEVELOPMENT OF BUDS OF SOME ROSE VARIETIES FROM THE FLORIBUNDA GROUP UNDER THE CONDITIONS OF APSHERON

Abstract

The article provides data on the development of buds of some of rose varieties: ‘Cyclamen’, ‘Lilli Marlene’, ‘Masquerade’, ‘Nordia’, ‘Pink Wonder’ from the floribunda group in subtropical conditions of Absheron. As a result of the conducted studies, it was revealed that the studied roses during the growing season have three to four periods of shoot formation, providing three to four times flowering. It was revealed that in autumn the natural end of the growing season is not observed. The buds of roses, depending on their location on the shoot, go into winter in varying degrees of development and behave like their evergreen ancestors, i.e. subtropical species. The upper buds on the annual shoot are the most developed, and in most of them flower differentiation is observed. In spring, differentiation of flower buds begins very early and depends on weather conditions. The buds laid down in the lower part of the shoot remain dormant until the spring of the next year, and after pruning begin to develop as generative. The development of generative shoots from renewal buds in spring is the longest. And the development of sylleptic shoots proceeds as follows: after the beginning of the inflorescence protrusion, two or three auxiliary buds located in the upper part of the generative shoot begin to develop as flowering. Observations have shown that under the conditions of Absheron, the period from the appearance of buds to flowering in floribunda roses lasts longer than in varieties of other groups, which is explained by the formation and development of inflorescences with a large number of flowers. As a result of a detailed study of the biology of bud development in floribunda roses under the conditions of Apsheron, it was found that the onset of bud differentiation and the duration of the stages of organogenesis largely depend on weather conditions. In addition, these varieties of roses do not have a dormant winter period, which is forced.