WILLOW-LEAVED PEAR PYRUS SALICIFOLIA PALL. AS A ROOTSTOCK IN THE FOREST-STEPPE ZONE OF THE SOUTHERN URALS
https://doi.org/10.31676/2073-4948-2020-63-175-183
Abstract
The article presents the results of studying the variety of forms of the willow-leaved pear Pyrus salicifolia Pall. by yield, seed productivity, field germination. The main rootstock for pears in the continental conditions of the Urals is the Ussuri pear. Despite its high winter hardiness, it is not sufficiently adapted to the arid conditions of the southern Urals and to carbonate, often saline soils. Seeds were sown and seedlings were tested at the experimental sites of the Orenburg Experimental Station of Horticulture and Viticulture, branch of Federal Horticultural Research Center for Breeding, Agrotechnology and Nursery and the Botanical garden of the Orenburg state University (OSU) in typical soil and climatic conditions of the forest-steppe zone of the Southern Urals. The purpose of the study is to identify the rootstock forms of willow — leaved pear that are most adapted to the arid conditions of the Southern Urals, characterized by high yield and stable seed productivity for use in the future as a seed stock. Studies were performed in accordance with generally accepted methods on elite forms of the first (7 forms, landing in 1990) and second (28 forms, landing in 2002) generation. As a result of research, it was found that the highest yield is characterized by forms 7–26, 7–29, 24–1 (up to 10 kg/tree). It was found that high seed productivity of more than 5 seeds in one fruit is observed in samples: 7–20 (5.0 pcs.), 7–25 (5.3 pcs.), 12–1 (5.7 pcs.), 17 (6.4 pcs.), 25–3 (5.3 pcs.). it was Found that the maximum weight of 1000 seeds is characterized by the forms: 24–2 (48.6 g), 26 (48.7 g). Consistently high output is observed in forms: 7–25 (2,11 %), 7–28 (2,06 %), 12–1 (3,8 %), 12–2 (4,19 %), 16–2 (2,6 %), 16–3 (3,1 %), 25–3 (2,56 %). Analysis of field seed germination revealed that the maximum rate of 42.0 % is observed in form 7–20. As a result of the research, selected forms of willow-leaved pear were identified: 7–19, 7–20, 7–25, 25–3, 12–1, which can be recommended for further testing as seed rootstocks of pears for the arid conditions of the Southern Urals.
About the Authors
A. I. Lokhova
Orenburg Experimental Station of Horticulture and Viticulture, branch of Federal Horticultural Research Center for Breeding, Agrotechnology and Nursery;
Orenburg state university
Russian Federation
Orenburg
Russian Federation
Orenburg
E. Z. Savin
Orenburg Federal research center of the Ural Branch of the Russian Academy of Sciences;
Orenburg state university
Russian Federation
Orenburg
Russian Federation
Orenburg
T. V. Berezina
Orenburg Federal research center of the Ural Branch of the Russian Academy of Sciences
Russian Federation
Orenburg
Russian Federation
Orenburg
O. E. Merezhko
Orenburg Experimental Station of Horticulture and Viticulture, branch of Federal Horticultural Research Center for Breeding, Agrotechnology and Nursery
Russian Federation
Orenburg
Russian Federation
Orenburg
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Review
For citations:
Lokhova A.I., Savin E.Z., Berezina T.V., Merezhko O.E. WILLOW-LEAVED PEAR PYRUS SALICIFOLIA PALL. AS A ROOTSTOCK IN THE FOREST-STEPPE ZONE OF THE SOUTHERN URALS. Pomiculture and small fruits culture in Russia. 2020;63(1):175-183. (In Russ.) https://doi.org/10.31676/2073-4948-2020-63-175-183
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