Vol 50 (2017)
29-32 435
Abstract
The article presents the results of studying the peculiarities of growth characteristics of highbush blueberries in the non-Chernozem zone with the use of various agrotechnical measures. The tests carried out showed that the use of different agrotechnical methods affect the growth and development of highbush blueberries.
33-37 252
Abstract
The paper presents a short description of the plants-introducents in the dendrological garden of the Vologda State Dairy Farming Academy, which have proved themselves in the European North for use as horticultural crops.
38-43 228
Abstract
Qualitative differences of the plants of Catalpa bignonioides Walt., obtained from green cuttings of various morphological origin (from the apexes of vegetative and vegetative generative shoots), are revealed. The advantages of seedlings of the fi rst type include the greatest number of lateral shoots, the second type - heir rapid fl owering (the next year after the cuttings).
44-48 298
Abstract
The results of ecological study of biological peculiarities and economically valuable attributes of saffl ower of the Krasa Stupinskaya variety are presented. The economic importance of the variety as an oilseed crop with a high content of unsaturated fatty acids and an output of 240 kg/ha is noted. The average yield by regions was from 0,7-0,9 to 1,7 t/ha. The technology of saffl ower cultivation of the Krasa Stupinskaya variety for the conditions of the Central and North Caucasus regions of Russia and Tajikistan has been developed.
49-53 227
Abstract
In the fi eld experiment, the effi ciency of foliar fertilizations of strawberry plants in cultivation on sod-podzolic soils under conditions of anaerobic stress was studied. It is established that the use of foliar fertilizations can reduce the negative effect of anaerobic plant stress - increase their productivity, increase the sugar-acid berry index, and reduce the content of heavy metals in berries.
54-59 201
Abstract
The different ability of gooseberry varieties to assimilate cadmium from cultivated sodpodzolic soils was established. Statistical dependences of cadmium accumulation indices in plant berries on agrochemical properties and cadmium of sod-podzolic soils at different depths of the root layer were determined.
60-63 258
Abstract
The article presents the results of studies on the yield and biometric indices of apricot at intensive technology of cultivation in Northern Tajikistan with the use of different vegetative rootstocks. The most suitable scion-rootstock combinations to increase yield were proposed.
64-67 208
Abstract
Studies have revealed that in the intensive garden when the illumination of the crowns of apricot trees increases, the total growth of shoots increases. At the same time the foliage of the crown increases, which has a positive effect on the productivity of apricot trees.
68-71 247
Abstract
The results of introductional studying and breeding of gladiolus and iris in conditions of Kyrgyzstan are described.
72-75 227
Abstract
On the basis of «Novooskolskiy grain company» new varieties alfalfa (Krasnoyaruzhskiy 1 and Krasnoyaruzhskiy 2) and white clover (Krasnoyaruzhskiy) were studied. Created varieties of alfalfa and clover have high seed productivity, and resistance in cultivation in conditions of the Cretaceous South of the Central Russian upland. Selections with different characteristics of the new varieties of alfalfa and clover are included in the future scheme of recurrent breeding to obtain new, more high-yielding forms.
76-79 271
Abstract
The article presents the results of the evaluation of varieties on density and strength of fruit attachment. According to our observations, variety-specimens with tear-out effort of fruits within the limits of 0,5-1,5 N and effort of fruits pressing 2,0 N or higher, are available for machine harvesting. As a result of works the varieties Antoshka, Baryshnya, Goluboi desert, Diana, Knyaginya, Lenya, Pamyati Kuminova, Petr I, Severnoe siyanie, Troe druzei were revealed as promising.
80-83 245
Abstract
Marketability of a sort is defi ned by indicators of quality fruits. In this connection we studied mass and quality of the berries. Promising honeysuckle cultivars Amur, Aurora, Indigo gem and Tundra.
84-88 284
Abstract
In the article it is shown that to adapt the blackberry microplants of the Lauton variety, rooted in vitro conditions, to the substratum based on transition peat it is effective to add Hydrogel in the ratio 1:1. The addition of hydrogel is not effective in the composition of substrates for ex vitro growth of raspberry plants in greenhouse conditions.
89-92 334
Abstract
Studies to determine the causative agents of crown gall of the Rhizobium vitis grapes and phytoplasma, in particular, the blackening of Bois noir wood, using a polymerase chain reaction were presented. A pair of primers based on ipt genes has enabled the identifi cation of the causative agent of crown gall in various organs of the grapes, as well as to determine with the help of universal primers and to identify with the help of specifi c primers the causative agent of the phytoplasma.
93-96 369
Abstract
An original two-stage technique has been worked out for propagation of diffi cult to root fruit-trees. The technique based on combination in vitro obtaining proliferating micro shoots culture and following grafting clonal or seedling’s rooted rootstocks in non-sterile conditions using sterile micro shoots as scion’s material. Thus, it is possible to effectively multiply the valuable forms of fruit plants.
97-101 289
Abstract
The article presents materials on the study of the black currant gene pool in the conditions of Yakutia in terms of resistance to diseases (Sphaerotheca mors-uvae Berk. et Curt. and Gloeosporium ribis (Lib.) Mont. et Desm.) wich infl ict substantial harm to this culture in the different regions of country. Varieties and hybrids were revealed as sources in breeding for diseases: resistance to powdery mildew - G-17; to the anthracnose - Zabaykalochka, Pamyati Schukschina, Vystavochnaya, Konservnaya, Khara Kytalyk, G - 1, G - 2, G - 4, G - 5, G - 17, G -12, G -19, G -16.
102-106 212
Abstract
This article presents a set of machines designed to care for plants.
107-110 219
Abstract
In the conditions of the Stavropol city, 66 samples including 43 varieties and 23 forms of 36 species of ornamental grasses and sedges are studied. Ecological analysis showed that the species of the cold season are well adapted to the conditions of introduction. The favorable prognosis of the introduction of warm season grasses and sedges is only for species corresponding to the 3-5 winter hardiness zones of USDA. The promising species and varieties for cultivation in the Steppe zone are presented.
111-115 261
Abstract
Possibilities and directions of using domestic clonal rootstocks of Krymsk EBS breeding for increasing the effi ciency of cultivation of stone fruits in Russia are considered. As a result of the work, it was concluded that the best of them VVA-1, Best, VSL-2, Upryamets, contribute to the increase of adaptability and productivity of plantations of stone fruit crops in intensive plantations. Elements of the technology of obtaining a planting stock of stone fruit crops using clonal rootstocks have been improved.
116-122 220
Abstract
A comprehensive study of sweet cherry scion-rootstock combinations with the participation of zoned and new clonal rootstocks breeding in the Krymsk Experimental Breeding Station of VIR in conditions of the foothill zone of the North Caucasus showed that they are well compatible with rootstocks, adapted to growing conditions, early in fruiting, effectively increase yields from years.
123-126 225
Abstract
Economically valuable characteristics of 22 of spring soft wheat varieties were studied in the period from 2014 to 2016 in agroclimatic conditions of the Tyumen region. The inter-annual-variability of the signs under the infl uence of contrasting weather conditions was determined. The peculiarities of the yield structure of individual wheat varieties are revealed. The established differences may be of interest in varieties choosing for northern agrocenosis.
127-130 178
Abstract
The results of studying of the infl uence of late summer and autumn timing of mowing of crops of Festulolium variety VIC 90 of ryegrass morphotype of the fi rst year of life on the shoot formation of plants, the formation of the grass structure and seed yield are presented.
131-136 272
Abstract
Sea buckthorn (Hippophae rhamnoides L.) is an object of great interest in the fi eld of ornamental horticulture. It can be used very diversely. In the course of this work was to research the characteristics of shoots, leaves, bark and fruit. These organs of the plant determine its appearance. Ornamental characteristics of sea buckthorn were determined and there importance, point scales were made and conversion factors were entered.
137-141 220
Abstract
The article considers the main types of yields. The scheme of the correlation of yields is presented depending on humidifi cation conditions, the level of technology applied in Kaluga region farms. Data on the impact of the violation of the agro technical timing of planting crops on crop shortage in the Kaluga region are given.
142-147 209
Abstract
In this article, the main sections of software for the growth of crop production are discussed. Based on the analysis of existing domestic and foreign computer programs and databases, the requirements for computer programs are defi ned. The main advantages of the developed software are identifi ed and described. The main novelty of the new program is to increase the effi ciency of the agricultural enterprises, which are equipped with less than 10 tractors for 1000 ha of arable land.
148-154 257
Abstract
In the article the results of introduction of 16 apricot varieties in the arid conditions of Mangistau (Western Kazakhstan) are presented. Among the studied varieties the most perspective are the following: “Gigant Koturbulak”, “Krasnoscheky”, “Nikitsky Krasnoscheky”, “Kuraga”, “Record of Belbulak”, “Chimkentsky ranniy”, “Chimkentsky sladkiy”, “Katyusha”, “Issyksky ustoychiviy”. The identifi ed promising varieties with a set of economically valuable traits can be used in breeding work with apricot culture.
155-160 245
Abstract
The results of introduction of rare species of wild bows from different fl oristic regions such as Central Asia, Southwest Asia, Southeast Asia and Siberia representing a special interest both in ecological and economic terms are discussed. The possibilities of their adaptation to the natural and climatic conditions of the Moscow State University Botanical Garden taking in account a seasonal pattern of development of introduced plants with identifi cation of critical periods in their annual vegetation cycle are considered.
161-165 220
Abstract
The data of parameters of drought resistance of 17 ornamental peach varieties of different ecotypes are given. All studied varieties showed an increased or a very high level of drought resistance. The best water-retaining characteristics in the period of summer moisture defi cit in combination with high reparation capacity of leaves after signifi cant dewatering were observed in peach varieties of different ecotypes: ‘Adalary v Snegu’, ‘Kyou-maiko’ and ‘Fei Tao’. In the group comparison of the drought resistance of Prunus persica varieties of different ecotypes, no signifi cant differences were found.
166-170 221
Abstract
The article deals with the aspects of the selection of the optimal ecological niche for an ex situ-conserved rare species of peonies growing in natural habitats under the conditions of monsoon climate. The object is the Russian Far Eastern species of the section Paeon DC (Paeonia obovata Maxim.). Study was carried out in comparison with a representative of the local fl ora Paeonia anomala L.
171-174 193
Abstract
The degree of drought resistance for seven promising hybrid forms of apricot in Nikita Botanical Gardens collection has been determined. Differences in water content indexes, water defi - cit, water retaining capacity and restoration of turgor by leaves for the studied genotypes have been revealed. According to the laboratory studies results on drought resistance the hybrid 8559 has been selected.
175-178 228
Abstract
Content of phenolic substances in the organs of aboveground part of plants of Rheum compactum L. and R. altaicum Losinsk. is investigated. Differences in the dynamics of accumulation of substances have not been revealed. It was determind, that buds and fl owers of plants can be a source of fl avonols (up to 7,42 %), catechins (up to 2,01 %) and tannins (up to 32,37 %) for the production of medicinal plant material. Leaves and leaves-stalk used in food accumulate a lot of fl avonols (up to 4,07 % in leaves and up to 0,81 % in leaves-stalk) and tannins (up to до 19,54 % and up to 16,18 %, accordingly) during budding and blossoming.
179-183 250
Abstract
Comprehensive study of 80 collectible specimens of the vegetable marrow of domestic and foreign breeding was carried out. In most cases they are represented by accessions of the world diversity of the VIR collection. 28 modern F1 of hybrids of vegetable marrow, the most widespread among commodity producers were also studied. A number of samples was revealed possessing commercially valuable characteristics and are promising for the creation of the source material.
184-188 196
Abstract
The article presents a 3D model of an automated assembly for magnetic-impulse processing plants. The calculations of the linear actuator assembly have been made and the main advantages of its use as a control element on attachments to agricultural machinery are presented.
189-195 203
Abstract
In the article the design of an automated aggregate for magnetic-pulse processing of plants developed in Federal Scientifi c Agroengineering Center VIM is described. A 3D model and control scheme of the automated aggregate and the adaptation system is presented. The principle of operation of the mobile unit is considered when the technological operation of plant irradiation is performing.
196-200 331
Abstract
As a result of the carried out researches the technology of application of Vigor Forte growth regulator on winter wheat in the conditions of the central zone of the Krasnodar Territory has been developed. It includes the seed treatment at the dose of 25 g/t and the treatment of vegetative plants in tillering phase at the dose of 25 g/ha. The yield increase in this case is 9,0 % or 0,55 t/ha.
201-205 478
Abstract
Research has been carried out on the use of mineral fertilizer MERS B (including seed treatment at a dose of 25 g/t and vegetative plants at a dose of 25 g/ha in the tillering phase) in the technology of cultivation of winter wheat, for the predecessor - sunfl ower. When agrochemical was used, the main elements of the structure of the winter wheat crop were noted, namely: productive stem - 3,5%, the number of spikelets in the ear - 9,3%, the mass of grain from the ear - 1,5%. The grain harvest of winter wheat also increased and is 7,95% or 0,48 t/ha.
206-209 187
Abstract
The article present the results of researches on the infl uence of growth regulators on the growth and development of clonal rootstocks of apple Ural 56, Ural 3 and 54-118. The positive effect of the drug Zircon on all tested rootstocks (by percentage of rooted cuttings, percentage of obtained standard rootstocks) was revealed. The Ribav-Extra preparation can be used only when rooting hardwood cuttings of rootstock Ural 3.
210-213 225
Abstract
As a result of the work carried out, the use of the organic substrate “sawdust + soil” is reasoned when obtaining clonal stocks in an intensive stock plantation. When the clonal rootstocks are hilling by a substratum a stock material grows, characterized by the leveling of the aerial part and a well-developed fi brous root system.
214-218 215
Abstract
The use of chloroethylphosphonic acid on tomato accelerates fruit ripening (the optimal dose is 1.0 kg/ha). The use of the etefon causes the use of disposable cleaning on salad varieties. The use of chloroethylphosphonic acid on cucumber (the optimal dose is 0.15-0.20 g/l) accelerates the development of plants and increases the yield of cucumber.
219-223 301
Abstract
A seven-year study of varieties and hybrids of golden currant in the Republic of Bashkortostan on the basis of generally accepted methods for a set of economically valuable traits (yields, quality of berries) is described. As sources of breeding, based on the studied characteristics of golden currant varieties Zarina and Fatima were recommended for increased yield; varieties Venera and Shafak, hybrids 2-8, 3-1, 3-2, 4-1 were recommended for large-fruited fruit; varieties Venera and Shafak, hybrids 2-86 and 4-1 were recommended for the one-dimensionality of the fruit, varieties Zarina, Lyaysan, hybrids 2-86 and 5-2 were recommended for high fl avoring qualities of berries.
229-232 244
Abstract
Data on the study of the effect of growth stimulators on the morphometric indices of the Crassulaceae family are presented. Stimulators “Samorod” and Heteroauxin had a selective effect on the rooting and growth parameters of the plants under study: Sedum sarmentosum, Sedum acre, Sedum spurium.
233-236 227
Abstract
Data on the study of the infl uence of plant growth regulator “Mival-Agro” and biofertilizers “Samorod” on the processes of formation and development of the root system, intensifi cation of growth processes are presented.
237-240 224
Abstract
It is established that the use of the domestic PoliMiks-Agro fertilizers against the background of drip irrigation is an effective method to increase the apple yields. Application with drip irrigation a complex fertilizer contributed to the preservation of the formed ovary and increase the load of trees with fruits. During the period of the formation of fruits, the fertilizing on application rate of 3.0 l / ha contributed to the formation of fruits of high commodity qualities.
241-245 342
Abstract
Less common fruit and berry plants in the collection of living plants of the Donetsk Botanical Garden are represented by 44 species, 60 varieties from 19 genera and 8 families. The core of the collection is formed mainly by the species of European, Siberian, Sino-Middle-Asian, American and Japanese origin. In the course of our investigation we identifi ed the most resistant to edaphic and climatic factors of steppe environment species with good prospects for breeding.
246-251 226
Abstract
The article presents the results of long-term observations of the tolerance of varietis Lonicera caeruleae L. to the amount of precipitation during the years of the study. It is established that the main part of the studied varieties and hybrids have a different degree of drought resistance. Drought resistant varieties were revealed: Zolyshka, Provintsialka, Berel and Ognennyi opal.
252-256 276
Abstract
The competitive testing was showed that domestic vegetable pea varieties are not inferior to foreign ones by yield. The economic effect of cultivation of varieties and lines of vegetable pea of Krymsk experimental breeding station is higher by an average on 26,7 thousands rubles per 1 hectare in comparison with foreign analogues.
257-260 230
Abstract
The article gives a brief description of the biological peculiarities of 5 species of the genus Aster L., which have been tested on the basis of the Botanical Garden Institute of the Ufa Science Center of the Russian Academy of Sciences. The evaluation of the success of the introduction is presented, recommendations are given on the use of promising species in gardening settlements of the Republic of Bashkortostan and plant growth regulators during seed multiplication.
261-265 413
Abstract
The main condition for successful cultivation of fruit crops in the North Caucasus is the proper selection of varieties to the conditions of the region. Ignoring this rule by local gardeners subsequently led to the fact that such gardens were of low-yielding quality, did not provide the expected economic effect. The way out of this situation is seen in the renewal of the assortment due to immune and tolerant varieties of the new generation, the most productive and adapted to the specifi c conditions of growth.
266-269 455
Abstract
The results of scientifi c researches in degree of on the compatibility of 32 domestic and foreign pear varieties with clonal (ВА 29, КА 92, КА 86) and seed forms of quince rootstocks are presented in the article. The research was carried out in experimental fi elds of nursery of Crimean experimental horticultural station of the Nikita Scientifi c Center. The conducted observations and accounting allowed to identify a group of pear varieties, which has good compatibility with all studied forms of quince. Among them the varieties of their own breeding are the most important: Zolotaya Osen, Desertnaya, Izymrydnaya, Izyuminka Kryma, Kelmenchanka, Krymskaya Medovaya, Lazurnaya, Maria, Mria, Krymskaya Aromatnaya, Oreanda Kryma, Otechestvennaya, Pamyati Meleshko, Tavricheskaya.
270-277 220
Abstract
Information on 95 species of fl oral plants belonging to 37 families and 75 genus, including 18 trees is given in the article. There are 8 species included in the Red Book of the Chechen Republic, 6 tertiary relicts, 2 endemics of the Caucasus and many economically signifi cant plants. Like other relicts, endemics, rare and practically useful species, they are of scientifi c interest, they need protection and research throughout the Republic.
278-282 214
Abstract
The results of comparative and assessing study of summer barley (Hordeum vulgare L.) varieties in the period of 2015-2016 on the six state variety test plots for the grain yield and weight in the conditions of Tyumen region were presented. The infl uence of the agroecological conditions of seed formation on seed germination, plant survival, crop yield was revealed.
283-286 265
Abstract
Prevalence of viruses of raspberry plants was 56%, on black currants - 15%, on gooseberries - 24%, on strawberries - 51%. On the raspberry viruses RBDV and RpRSV, on the black currants and gooseberries virus RpRSV, on the strawberries virus TBRV prevailed. The effectiveness of methods of chemo- or magnetotherapy in vitro for sanitation of raspberry plant from Arabis mosaic virus is shown.
287-290 262
Abstract
In article long-term researches on studying of productivity of plums variety Skoroplodnaya are presented. The сorrelation analysis data on biological components of productivity are given. A high correlation connection was established between productivity and fruit infructescences, and also between specifi c parameters of productivity and the area of leaves (r = 0,71; 0,78).
291-294 196
Abstract
The article presents the results of studying the drought resistance of 11 introduced nectarine varieties. Comparative evaluation of varieties on water retention capacity of leaves, ability of restoration of turgor and green color of sheet plate (нет в варианте резюме на русском языке) is given. The varieties Kzyl Shalili, 40 let Uzbekistana, Le Grand, exceeding the drought resistance of the control variety of nectarine Rubinoviy were revealed for use in breeding.
295-298 222
Abstract
The article presents the results of studying the collections of long-bodied and shortbodied cucumbers during drip irrigation on light chestnut soils. It has been found that hybrids Schubert F1, Masha F1, Ajax F1, Herman F1 and the varieties Palchik, Iz`yaschny, which contribute to the production of over 75 t / ha of green cucumbers, are suitable for cultivation under soil and climatic conditions of Astrakhan region.
299-302 211
Abstract
According to the results of observations (2015-2016), it was revealed that under the soil and climatic conditions of the Moscow region the studied varieties of intersectional hybrids of peonies normally develop and pass all the phenological phases, the vegetation period of the plants is 191-196 days. The expediency of introductions of the studied varieties of intersectional hybrids of peonies in the Moscow region and the prospects of their use in gardening are shown.
303-307 197
Abstract
Are presented material on developments in article to FGBN VSTISP in the fi eld of mechanization of low-growing garden cultures. Cars for landing and data protection of cultures are presented. Their technical characteristics, and also technological process are given. The description of the main knots is given.
308-311 251
Abstract
The article presents the results of a three-year study of introduced varieties of peony intersectional hybrids. Phenological phases of their development were established in accordance with the temperature regime in the region. On the basis of a comprehensive evaluation of ornamental and economic-biological characters, it has been established that the varieties under study are adapted for cultivation in conditions of Central Russia; the source material for breeding for the given characteristics was also selected.
ISSN 2073-4948 (Print)
