The purpose of the research was a comprehensive assessment of plum varieties and forms and revealing the most promising for commercial use. Plantations laid in the city of Michurinsk, Tambov region. The assessment of plum plants for frost resistance was carried out in the middle of winter (II component). The artificial freezing of l year old shoots was made in January during 12 hours at -38 °C. The least subfreezing of the wood (2.8 and 2.9) was observed in elite form 22-29 and control variety “Etyud”, respectively. The moderate resistance of tissues (the degree of injury not over 3) was observed in “Vengerka Kursakova” variety and elite form 29- 136. The subfreezing level of vegetative buds in all studied varieties and elite forms did not exceed 2.5. The freezing at -38°C causes complete death of generative organs in all accessions. On the background of mass development of fungal diseases during the growing season 2016 because of high humidity and a deficit of positive temperatures and on the base of visual registration in field – the high resistant forms to Clasterosporium (“Vengerka Kursakova”) and to Monilia (22-29) were singled out. The intensity of fungal diseases in given accessions did not exceed 2 points. The highest productivity (7.43 t/ha) averagely during the years of investigations was found in “Vengerka Kursakova” variety and the data exceeded substantially the control one. The highest fruit weight occurred to be in “Radost” and “Artistichnaya” varieties with 40.3 and 40.8 g respectively and maximum values 51.7-52.3 g. The large-fruited group included the varieties “Etyud”, “Vengerka Kursakova” and elite form 29-136 where the maximum weight varied from 38.1 to 41.6 g. The varieties “Vengerka Kursakova”, “Dubravnaya”, “Artistichnaya” distinguished by sweet and sour fruit taste (tasting, assessment 4.4) and high commodity-consumer qualities of fruits. A promising plum variety “Vengerka Kursakova”, for use in industrial plantations of the Central Black Earth Region, was identified.

The article presents the results of the breeding work to obtain varieties of the new generation of open pollination. These include varieties of Krasna Devitsa, Madonna, Podarok Leta, Chernie Glaza, Yasno Solnishko, transferred to the State variety test. Sweet cherry (a diploid, 2n = 16) refers to various species of the genus (Cerasus Mill.) and valuable stone fruit crops. Current trends in work with southern sweet cherry varieties today are breeding for ecological plasticity, immunity to disease, low growing, yield, large fruit size and fruit quality. The purpose of the study is to assess the biological potential of new varieties for use in modern intensive plantings and improvement of the regionalized assortment of Krasnodar region. Sweet cherry varieties derived from open pollination of the best varieties that is actually by intervarietal hybridization within the species Cerasus avium. Primary selection was carried out on the basis of the North Caucasus Federal Scientific Center for Horticulture, Viticulture, Winemaking, which collection of cherries is presented by the best foreign and domestic varieties. It has been established that the sweet cherry varieties obtained from open pollination along with varieties derived from directed crosses, combine in their genotype a set of valuable characteristics and are superior in some traits of the original parent forms. The variety Madonna is characterized by a super-early period of ripening, and adaptability to stress factors; the Krasna Devitsa is a variety with a restrained force growth and large fruits (10.0-11.0 g); the varieties Yasno Solnishko and Chernie Glaza are highly resistant to coccomycosis and shot-hole disease. The selected sources of breeding significant traits, when included in directional crosses, will speed up the breeding process and increase the efficiency of breeding work.

A different level of ascorbic acid accumulation in the apple original parent varieties and hybrid offspring was identified. The best promising genotypes and cross combinations worthy of use in further breeding studies were revealed.

Representatives of the genus Citrus L., which includes C. limon, C. sinensis, C. reticulata, C. paradisi, C. maxima, C. medica, C. aurantifolia and other species are the most important fruit crops in countries with subtropical and tropical climates. Cross-pollination, variability of sexual offspring fixed by apomixis, preserved during vegetative propagation contributed to the appearance of intergeneric and interspecific hybrids combining characters and properties of different species. The aim of this work was to carry out interspecific crosses to create biodiversity of Citrus reticulata Blanco var. unchiu Tan. and create new forms with breeding valuable traits. Six interspecific combinations of crossings with the involvement of different varieties were carried out, and a large variety of seedlings was obtained. In sexual offspring from interspecific crosses, a high degree of phenotypic variability is observed on the leaf blade, in shape, size, color of the fruit, thickness and separability of the peel, the presence and absence of seeds, as well as organoleptic properties. All these characteristics represent important criteria for the variety. According to the totality of morphological characters, 24 promising forms were selected. The combination of C. reticulata × C. maxima crossing is the most productive, which allowed us to identify the largest number of forms with breeding valuable traits. Forms Yub - P Nmik; Yub – P Nmik - 1; MV - P Azah; MV - P Azah - 1; MV - P Azah - 2; Kr - P Azah; Cr - P Azah – 1 are promising and are important for the creation of new large-fruited varieties of mandarin. From combination of crossbreeding with C. sinensis such forms as KV - ApV, KV-ApV-2, MV-ApV-1were identified, characterized by large-fruited, fruits with high organoleptic properties. Hybrids bred with C. medica, C. aurantifolia, C. limon meyer are important for creating citrus biodiversity with valuable traits.

The results of breeding of the Ussuri pear (Pyrus ussuriensis Maxim.), in the arboretum of the M.F. Reshetnev Siberian State University of Science and Technology, located in the green zone of the city of Krasnoyarsk in the territory of the educational and experimental forestry, are presented. Ussuri pear trees were selected by biometric parameters and fruiting. The mother specimens that reach the maximum (8.6 m – A685-15) and minimum (5.4 m – A685-5) height were highlighted. Stem diameter varies from 8.0 to 18.0 cm. According to the results of observations for the studied years, the plants with the largest number of fruits (A685-8, A685-13) and the smallest number of fruits (A685- 19) were selected. To replenish the collection of the arboretum, seed offspring were grown, among which the best specimens were revealed. Individuals that have an advantage in height (A685-20) and stem diameter (A685-11) at the early stages of ontogenesis were identified. This allows you to select specimens according to the studied characteristics.

The optimized technology for in vitro propagation of such horticultural crops as apple and pear clonal rootstocks, raspberry and black currant varieties is based on modification of culture factors and on realization of morphogenetic potential of the studied genotypes. It was found, that regeneration ability in vitro is determined not only by chemical factors of culturing, but as well as by genotypical peculiarities of plants. The paper regards the advanced technology peculiarities for clonal apple rootstock propagation where the application of water-soluble substances as mineral base allows to simplify the process of preparing the nutrient media. The number of micro-shoots with their length of more than 1.5 cm will be increased by 13.4-43.6 %, the root formation process will be accelerated by 1-2 weeks. Micro-shoot and the root system quality will be improved. The rooting ability occurred to be accelerated by 20.0-93.3 % and adaptability of ex vitro plants increased by 4.7-33.3 % and the yield of the regenerated plants over 6 passages by 1.1-27.0. All these measures allowed us to reduce labor costs by 16.7 % and Mo cost price by 52.01 roubles. The optimized technique for clonal micropropagation of promising raspberry varieties is based on rooting of microshoots directly in soil substrate, excluding the in vitro stage of rooting. The elimination of the rhizogenesis stage from in vitro cycle allows reducing the number of subcultures by one passage. The technique above allows us to reduce labor costs for production of Mo by 27.9 % and the cost of adapted ex vitro plant by 44.6 roubles. The improved technique for clonal micropropagation of promising black currant varieties allows us to better the micro-shoot quality and to increase the number of micro-shoots suitable for rooting by 6.2- 86,5 % depending ok genotype and use hormon free nutrient medium for root formation.

The clonal micropropagation technique of valuable Lonicera caerulea L. varieties (Indigo Gem, Moskovskaya 23, Diana, Jugana) has been improved. The effect of various types and concentrations of carbohydrates on microshoots regeneration of the genus Lonicera L. representatives was studied. It is shown that the concentration of carbohydrates has the greatest effect on microshoots height and the type of carbohydrate nutrition has the greatest effect on multiplication factor. The type of carbohydrate nutrition (42 %) had the greatest influence on multiplication factor. Peculiarities of varieties, genetic characteristics interaction, carbohydrate nutrition type and concentration had a lesser effect (20 %, 14 % and 11 % respectively). The variety Moskovskaya 23 was characterized by the highest microshoots number (49.6 mm). The highest multiplication factor in the studied varieties, regardless of the type of carbohydrate nutrition, was observed at concentration of 40 g/l (11.57).

The article presents the results of a study of the organogenesis of representatives of the genus Amelanchier Medik. at the stage of micropropagation. Serviceberry is a promising culture for Russia, characterized by resistance to various abiotic factors and possessing valuable fruit qualities. The purpose of this work was to identify the peculiarirties of regeneration and optimization the stage of micropropagation of varieties of serviceberry. Varieties belonging to different species of the genus Amelanchier Medik were used as objects of study: Krasnoyarskaya, Mandan (Amelanchier alnifolia (Nutt.) Nutt. Ex M. Roem.); Prince William (Amelanchier canadensis (L.) Medik.); Ballerina (Amelanchier×grandiflora Rehder); ×Amelasorbus Rehder. The influence of the genotype, the source of cytokinin and its concentration on the height of microshoots, count of microshoots and the multiplication rate of varieties of serviceberry has been established. 6-benzylaminopurn induced the formation of adventive explants microshoots, and 2-isopentyl-adenine had a weak stimulating effect on the growth of lateral buds. The use of 6-benzylaminopurine at a concentration of 1.0 mg/l leads to a significant increase in count of microshoots in all studied genotypes. In varieties of Prince William (A. canadensis) and Ballerina (A.×grandiflora), the maximum height of microshoots was achieved in a nutrient medium with 1.0 mg/l of 6-BAP and 18.8 and 19.1 mm. The highest microshoots height in varieties A. alnifolia (Krasnoyarskaya, Mandan) and × Amelasorbus was obtained on a medium with 0.2 mg/l 6-BAP (19.0 and 16.4 mm). The maximum count of microshoots was characterized by the Krasnoyarskaya variety (4.8), the minimum by Prince William variety (1.9).

This paper presents the results of two years of research (2018-2019) of the most important phonological phases of seasonal growth and development, biometric parameters, productivity and economic efficiency of new varieties of Chinese plum (P. salicina Lindl.) grown in the foothill zone of the North Caucasus in the Krymsk district of Krasnodar territory on a plot of the Krymsk experimental breeding station – branch of VIR. As a result of research, the varieties Angeleno, Black Star, Byron Gold, Black Amber, Larry Ann and Sun Gold were recommended for cultivation using intensive technologies.

The article presents the results of long-term research on the genus Clematis (Clematis L.) in the Stavropol Botanical garden. Biological, morphological and ornamental characteristics of varieties are provided; recommendations on selection of assortment and application in vertical gardening are given. For the first time, in the soil-climatic conditions of the Stavropol upland, an introduction study of 29 clematis varieties from six garden groups was conducted. According to the results of a comprehensive assessment, the most stable and highly decorative varieties were selected. In-depth study, parameters that have a significant value in the analysis of ornamental and economic-valuable qualities of varieties were revealed. In the course of research, when evaluating ornamental features, much attention was paid to the shape of the perianth, the size and color of the flowers. It was found that 24 varieties have an open flower shape, and five varieties have a bell – shaped one. The number of sepals varies from 4 to 6-8. In the presented garden groups, 27 varieties have a simple perianth, two with terry flowers. The size of the flower is divided into large-flowered, with a flower size of more than 10 cm and medium-flowered-from 4-10 cm. The color is varied, with many shades, from white-pink-red to blue-purple. When evaluating the prospects of the variety, special attention is paid to the duration and productivity of flowering. Varieties of the Lanuginosa and Patens groups bloom profusely in MayJune on shoots of the previous year and in July-September on annual shoots. In the groups Viticella, Jackmanii, Integrifolia and Texensis, abundant and prolonged flowering occurs on the shoots of the current year. Life forms determine not only the appearance of plants, but also are a criterion for use in garden and Park construction. Varieties of the Integrifolia group are preferably used for decorating low objects. For vertical gardening of structures with a height of more than three meters and as single and group planting varieties of garden groups are recommended Jackmanii, Lanuginosa, Patens, Viticella. The studied assortment, which has a complex of valuable ornamental and economic-biological features, is recommended for use in ornamental gardening and landscaping in the Stavropol territory.

The article presents data on the content of the main photosynthetic pigments in the leaves of various varieties of Chrysanthemum×hortorum, depending on the methods of cultivation. The efficiency of the photosynthetic apparatus is one of the most important parameter of the adaptive potential of plants in limiting environmental conditions. It’s linked with the peculiarities of the development and functioning of the pigment complex. The purpose of the work is to study the features of the content of photosynthetic pigments in the leaves of various Chrysanthemum×morifolium varieties to expand the assortment in the humid subtropics of Russia. The studies were conducted on model varieties of large-flowered (‘Sevan’ control, ‘Gilbert Leigh Purple’, ‘Gagarin’) and small-color chrysanthemums (‘Golden Niva’ control, ‘Tigerrag’, ‘Vesuvio’, ‘Dante’) cultivated in open and closed ground. It was found that relative humidity and illumination are higher in open ground throughout the year (average annual values in open ground are 65.4 % and 28 563 lx, in closed ground 61.8 % and 18 763 lx), while the temperature regime is higher in closed ground (average values in open and closed ground +18.6 °C and +20.8 °C, respectively). This favorably affects the preservation of the roots of chrysanthemum in winter when grown indoors in an unregulated microclimate (average temperature in the winter months in the open ground is +9.1 °C, in the closed +11.0 °C), but it negatively affects vegetative plants in the summer period (average temperature indicators in open and closed ground are +26.8 °С and +28.8 °С, respectively). The content of photosynthetic pigments in the leaves of Chrysanthemum×hortorum was studied in the period of the budding and flowering vegetation 2018-2019. Varietal differences were noted in the quantitative composition of pigments and their ratio, as well as differences depending on growing conditions in open ground and in protected ground (in glass greenhouses under solar heating).

Berries of golden currant have a nutritional value and a high content of biologically active substances (BAS). Variability and a high level of manifestation of accession parameters indicate the possibility of breeding for improving the biochemical composition of berries. The purpose of the work is to evaluate and select of golden currant accessions according to its high content of carotenoids, pectin and sum of pectin substances in fruits. The work was carried out at the Research Institute of Horticulture of Siberia, Department of Federal Altai Scientific Center of Agro-Biotechnologies, in 2016- 2018. Weather conditions of 2016, 2017 were characterized as quite warm and quite moist, 2018 was dry and cool. Biochemical analysis was carried out in the laboratory of industrial technologies during the period of full ripeness of berries. Pectin substances were determined by the titrometric method (GOST 29059-91), carotenoids – according to I. K. Murray (GOST 8756.22-80 ST SEV 6519-88). The objects of the research were the varieties and selected forms of golden currant breeding of the Research Institute of Horticulture of Siberia. The control variety was Levushka. As a result of the work, varieties and selected forms were evaluated by the content of biologically active substances (carotenoids, pectin, pectin substances), promising forms with maximum biochemical parameters were identified. The content of carotenoids in the accessions varied widely 0.5 – 11.9 mg/100 g, on the average 3.5 mg/100 g. Levushka varieties (11.9 mg/100 g) as well as Podarok to Ariadne (7.7 mg/100 g), Ida (6.5 mg/100 g), selected forms 4198-06-9 (6.9 mg/100 g) and 4197-06-1 (5.5 mg/100 g were noted with high values. Varieties Valentina and Otrada showed stability over the years, the coefficient of variation was 5.8 and 12.0 %, respectively. The pectin content in berries varied from 0.5 to 1.5 %, on the average 1.0 %, in the accessions Valentina, Ida, Otrada, 4190-06-13 – 1.3%, in 4268-07-1 – 1.4 %, 4197-06-1 – 1.5 %. The total amount of pectin substances in berries amounted to 0.9 – 1.6 % on the average – 1.3 %, with an increased value Ida variety, forms 4190-06-13, 4197-06- 1, 4198-06-9, 4268-07-1 were highlighted. Over the years of the research, the stability in the content of the sum of pectin substances was shown by accessions 4197-06-1 (V = 8, 7 %), 4268-07-1 (V = 10.7 %), 4190-06-13 (V = 1.7 %)

Currently, about 20 viral diseases are known on strawberry in the world that can reduce the yield and its quality. According to the results of previous studies in the Moscow region, the prevalence of viruses on strawberries was: Arabis mosaic virus (ArMV) – 14 %, Raspberry ringspot virus (RpRSV) and Strawberry latent ringspot virus (SLRSV) – 16 %, Tomato black ring virus (TBRV) – 25 %. Viruses mainly spread in agrocenosis with infected planting material, with tools, with pollen and seeds, nematodes - longidorids (Xiphinema diversicaudatum – ArMV and SLRSV vector, Longidorus elongatus – RpRSV and TBRV vector). According to published data, the harmfulness of viruses on plants of strawberries was to reduce the number of repens by 6-40 %, outlets by 10-40 %, and ovaries by 30 %. The aim of the study was to study the species composition of viruses on strawberries to identify candidates for the nuclear plants. In serological tests, a sandwich ELISA was used according to the method “Diagnosis of pome and stone crops viruses by ELISA and PCR” (2008), for analysis, diagnostic kits from ‘Loewe’ (Germany) were used. Leaves were taken as samples. The analysis results were recorded on a ‘Stat Fax 2100’ tablet photometer at a wavelength of 405 and 630 nm. The species composition of viruses was studied on strawberry varieties and hybrids under ex situ conditions. The total prevalence of viruses was 29 %. 188 candidates for nuclear stock plants of 17 varieties and 2 hybrids of strawberry were revealed. No viruses were detected on varieties Barynya, Induka and promising hybrids 34-34-5 and 3-372-1, which may be associated with a low percentage of transmission of nepoviruses with seeds. After confirming the virus-free status of strawberry plants by PCR, they will receive the category of “nuclear stock plant”.

On raspberries, currently about 30 viral diseases are known in the world that can reduce the yield and its quality. According to the results of previous studies in the Moscow region, the prevalence of viruses on raspberries was: Arabis mosaic virus(ArMV) – 14 %, Raspberry ringspot virus(RpRSV) – 30 %, Strawberry latent ringspot virus(SLRSV) – 16 %, Tomato black ring virus (TBRV ) – 18 %, Raspberry bushy dwarf virus (RBDV) – 39 %. Viruses spread in agrocenosis with infected planting material, with tools, with pollen and seeds, nematodes – longidorids (Xiphinema diversicaudatum – ArMV and SLRSVvector, Longidorus elongatus – RpRSV and TBRVvector). The harmfulness of viruses on raspberry plants consisted inreducingthe productivity by 21 %, fruit masse– by 26 % compared with virus-free plants. The aim of the study was to study the species composition of viruses on raspberries to identify candidates for the nuclear stock plants. In serological tests, the ELISA sandwich version was used according, for analysis, diagnostic kits from Loewe (Germany) were used. Leaves were taken as samples. The results of analyzes were recorded on a Stat Fax 2100 hotometer at a wavelength of 405 and 630 nm. RBDV virus RNA was isolated using the CytoSorb kit, followed by RT-PCR. The species composition of viruses on raspberry varieties was studied under ex situ conditions. The total prevalence of viruses was 29 % with the predominance of the RBDV virus (19 %). 102 candidates for nuclearstockplants of 22 varieties of raspberries were identified. After confirming the virus-free status of raspberry plants by PCR, they will receive the category “nuclearstock plant”.

In a vegetative experiment, the effect of two concentrations of Ni in the soil of 80 and 240 mg Ni / kg on the vegetative and generative productivity of plants of three varieties of strawberries Honeoye, Troitskaya, Red Gontlet was studied. Ni soil contamination had a significant impact on the vegetative and generative productivity of strawberry plants. The degree and direction of this effect was largely dependent on the variety. When the Ni content in the soil was 80 mg / kg in plants of strawberry varieties Honeoye and Red Gauntlet, there was a tendency to an increase in leaf mass, most of all in the Honeoye variety – by 16.6 % compared to an uncontaminated fertilized background. When the Ni concentration in the soil was 240 mg / kg in Honeoye plants, the leaf mass decreased by 19.0 % relative to the uncontaminated background, while in the Troitskaya and Red Gauntlet plants, the leaf mass increased, to a maximum, in Red Gontlet plants by 57.9 %. In plants of the strawberries varieties Honeoye mass of strawberries runners when soil is polluted, Ni was decreased to the greatest extent when the content of Ni in soil is 80 mg/kg – 23.3 % relative to the background values, the varieties Troitskaya and Red Gauntlet mass of strawberries runners, it became higher, especially when the content of Ni in soil is 240 mg/kg – 24.5 % and 42.5 % of the relatively polluted background, respectively. In plants of the Honeoye variety, the number of rosettes with Ni soil contamination tended to decrease relative to the background value (maximum, by 27.0 % when the Ni content in the soil is 80 mg / kg), in the Troitskaya variety – to increase (to the greatest extent, when the Ni content in the soil is 240 mg/kg – by 220 %). In plants of the Red Gauntlet variety, the number of rosettes per plant at each of the studied levels of soil contamination with Nickel tended to decrease (by a maximum of 11.8 % with a Ni content of 80 mg/kg in the soil). The number of peduncle in plants of strawberry varieties Honeoye and Troitskaya on polluted soil tended to decrease in comparison with the background. In plants, varieties of Red Gauntlet for this parameter was an opposite trend in the contamination of soil Ni number of peduncle per plant increased relatively polluted background (maximum 60.0 % when the contamination level of 240 mg/kg). The mass of berries on one plant of Red Gauntlet strawberry with Ni soil contamination at the level of 240 mg / kg statistically significantly increased by 38.3 % relative to the non-polluted background. In plants of the Honey and Troitsky varieties, the berries mass on one plant naturally decreased compared to the non-polluted background (by 10.2 % at a Ni content of 240 mg/kg and by 44.0 % at a Ni content of 80 mg/kg, respectively). When the soil was contaminated with Ni 240 mg / kg of Red Gauntlet strawberry plants, the number of berries per plant increased by 45.3 % relative to the non-polluted background. In plants of the Honeoye and Troitskaya varieties, the number of berries per plant decreased in comparison with the non-polluted background, to the greatest extent, by 30.9 % at a content of Ni 240 mg/kg and by 29.9 % at a content of Ni 80 mg/kg, respectively.

Data on the dynamics of changes in fertility parameters of gray forest-steppe soils of the Krasnodar territory under perennial plantings are presented. Significant species diversity of soils, characteristic of these soil and climatic conditions of the region, which are classified according to the recommendations of soil scientists in southern Russia, is noted. Systematic ecological and agrochemical monitoring of the soil was carried out within the boundaries of a 200-hectare test site located in the Seversk district of the Krasnodar territory. The analysis of monitoring data is given for the period from 1993 to 2018. The most detailed analysis was made of the upper part of the soil profile-horizons Aa (0- 25 cm), A (26-43 cm) and AB (43-55 cm). Scientific research was accompanied by generally accepted methods and State standards. In 1993, the soil sections were laid in connection with the laying of fruit plantations. The main parameters of garden suitability and soil fertility were determined. The duration of the first rotation of fruit stands is 16 years. During this period, 12 commercial fruit harvests were received. After the gardens were uprooted, row crops were cultivated on the site for 3 years, and in 2012, perennial plantings were restored within the boundaries of the monitoring site. The leading crop is the apple tree of winter maturation. Already in 2013, as a result of intensive use, a significant decrease in the availability of soil organic matter was found; its losses in the arable horizon (Aa) amounted to 0.18-0.81%, depending on the type of soil. Losses of mobile phosphorus compounds during the study period were in the horizons: Aa – 2.2 mg/kg, A – 7.2 mg/kg, AB – 5.8 mg/kg, which is probably due to its alienation from the crop of row crops for 3 years and non-compliance with the rules for fertilization. The contents of metabolic potassium, the amount of absorbed bases, hydrolytic acidity, soil reaction pHwater over time, and the exploitation of soils for various crops has not changed much. Identified in the dynamics of change in chemical parameters of soil fertility were the basis for the development of erosion control measures, including mechanized tillage across slopes (steepness of slopes on the site does not exceed 3.5°) and regulation of surface runoff by slitting and construction waste channels, and the introduction of high doses of organic fertilizer (50 t/ha manure). In 2016-2017, “traces” of mobile phosphorus and mineral nitrogen (N-NO3) were detected in the soil horizon in areas without organic fertilizers on the background of apple trees entering the commercial fruiting season) determined in the range of 1.0-1.9 mg/kg (Aa); 1.1- 1.2 mg/kg (A) and 1.2 mg/kg (AB). The nitrification capacity of soils in the arable horizon decreased to 11.7-12.0 mg/kg, and in the AB horizon – to 0.1-0.2 mg/kg.

The basis of modern industrial plantings of Russian plum are intensive technologies with the placement of 1000 to 8000 trees per hectare. For the formation of such agrocenoses, seedlings of varieties grafted on adaptive, weak-growing clonal rootstocks are used, which are more effective in comparison with vigorous seed seedlings. Today, one of the important tasks of modern horticulture is to improve the assortment, increase its adaptability based on the selection of compatible clonal rootstocks of different growth strengths of local breeding and the selection of the most productive scion/stock combinations. Of relevance to the southern zone of fruit growing, the question of using scion/stock combinations of the intensive type, combining complex resistance to biotic and abiotic stresses, giving stable high yield of trees, good taste and canning qualities of the fruits and their transportability, as well as being resistant to diseases and pests. The work, сonducted on Krymsk Experimental Breeding Ststion –VIR Branch (Krymsk, Krasnodar Territory), presents the results of studies evaluating the economically valuable traits of varieties and rootstocks of Russian plum. It was established that grafted trees of the Globus and Kubanskaya Cometa varieties on a medium-sized clonal rootstock Kuban 86 with a planting pattern (5.0×3.0 m) over the years of research exceeded the control and plant tested clonal rootstocks (average yield 24.3 kg per tree, and 23.5, and the average mass of the fruit 51.5 and 37.2 g). On the dwarf rootstock (5.0×1.5 m), the best scion/ stock combinations were the combinations Globus/VVA 1 and Kubanskaya Cometa/VVA 1. Based on biological and economic estimates for the complex of economically valuable traits, the most valuable plum rootstocks and rootstocks were identified Russian. Practical recommendations are given to manufacturers to create effective plum gardens in this area.

The analysis of the relevance of the State land policy in the Russian Federation (RF) is given. The perspective of its implementation is shown taking into account the technological policy for land management of “work sites” on an ecological-landscape basis. A way is proposed to optimize the horticultural system in agricultural enterprises using knowledge engineering methods and sustainable development methodology. The purpose of the study is to identify the modern tasks of horticulture in agricultural enterprises, the formation of environmentally friendly industrial landscapes for them, ensuring the effective management of the production of fruit and berry products. In the work, methods of different scientific fields were used that substantiate the knowledge base “garden landscape” of an agricultural enterprise. These include geobotany, phytocenology, biogeocenology, ecology landscape, landscape ecology, environmental engineering and knowledge engineering. These areas are not yet used in the methodology of horticulture and seem to us extremely necessary in accordance with the requirements of modern legislative and regulatory acts of the Russian Federation imposed on the greening and digitalization of fruit and berry production and land use. They were chosen by us not so much for improving the “gardening system” as for engineering and management of environmentally friendly production. To create a knowledge base on the “garden landscape” of an agricultural enterprise, the importance of the ontology of primary bio-, phyto-, eco- and geosystems is substantiated, a system of “transitionstranslations” between them is proposed to prepare the digitalization of horticulture. The development of accounting methods for different types of landscape territorial structures for agro ecological assessment of lands on the catchments of the hydrographic network, agro ecological requirements of crops (varieties) to environmental factors, identification of garden able “primary agro ecologically homogeneous land plots” for the horticultural system, the need for their selection as work sites is recommended . It is proposed to carry out digitalization of horticulture on a new scientific platform, Nature-Industrial Systems (NIS), taking into account the knowledge of the garden landscape and the methodology of a systematic approach to solving the problems of sustainable development, perfection and optimization of the basic technology registers, certification of applied developments, energy control.

Results of long-term researches on multiplication of cherry on clonal stocks are presented. The purpose of work was to reveal the best on complex of economic-biological parameters of clonal stocks and scion/stock combinations in nursery and to determine the economic efficiency of their cultivation. Within five years in conditions of the Moscow region area (Lenin district) in nursery there were study the peculiarities of multiplication of four cherry varieties (breeding of the All Russian Horticultural Institute for Breeding, Agrotechnology and Nursery) Molodezhnaya, Volochaevka, Pamyat’ Enikeeva, Assol’ that were inoculated on four stocks (Izmaylovskiy, AVCH-2, Stepnoy Rodnik, Vladimirskaya). The highest survival rate of inoculations (85-90 %) was marked at varieties Volochaevka, Assol’ and Molodezhnaya on stocks Izmaylovskiy and AVCH-2. In terms of the output of standard material (more than 75 %), combinations of all varieties with stock Izmailovsky and Volochaevka / AVCH-2 were the best. It was demonstrated the increase of profitability of production of cherry landing material (up to 132 %) at the replacement of stock Vladimirskaya by clonal stocks Izmaylovskiy and AVCH-2.