The purpose of the research is to study the safekeeping of the main components of the chemical composition in frozen raspberry fruits and the identification of varieties with the best biochemical parameters for use in breeding as sources. Varieties with: a consistently high dry matter content (Chelyabinskaya Krupnoplodnaya, Svirel, Balzam); a high sugar content (Chelyabinsk Krupnoplodnaya, Peresvet, Kolokolchik; a low acid content (Ranniy Syurpriz, Lyubetovskaya, Novost Kuzmina, Svirel) were identified. Variability in the level of accumulation of the studied chemical components: low for titratable acids; low and moderate for solids; significant in terms of sugars was revealed.

The research was conducted in 2017-2018 in I.V. Michurin Federal Research Centre (Tambov region, Russia) with our own breeding black current varieties ‘Tamerlan’ and ‘Shalunya’. In the Central-Chernozem region of Russia there are zoned 29 varieties. However they do not fully meet the requirements of consumers (because of quality problems and short terms of fresh sales). The study goal is to develop an innovative technology for extending storage time of fresh fruits of modern commercial black currant varieties. Fruits of black currant were harvested in experimental plot planted in 2012, planting scheme 4,0x0,75 m. Black currant fruits were stored at 0…+1° in regular (RA), modified (MA) and controlled (CA) atmosphere. There were determined the losses from gray rot (Botritis cineria), sensory (color, taste, consistence) and biochemical and other characteristics of fruit quality (vitamin C, dry soluble substances, titric acid content, total content of phenolic compounds, berry firmness, weight loss). Storage factors and their combinations inhibit the ripening and development of gray rot of black currant fruits in different degrees, provide different time of effective storage of production: in regular atmosphere it is limited to 5-7 days, in modified atmosphere — to 10- 15, in controlled atmosphere — to 45 days and even more. The variety ‘Tamerlan’ provides a higher level of keeping quality of fruits with all storage technologies. CA conditions keep slowing ripening, inhibiting of fungal rot, extending storage time with high quality (color, taste, fruit structure) during storage and bringing to consumers. CA technology (O₂ — 14.0-16.0 %, CO₂ — 13.5-15.5 %, humidity 95 %) provides preserving or insignificant changes of biochemical and other indicators of fruit quality (vitamin C, dry soluble substances, titric acid content, total content of phenolic compounds, berry firmness) after 30 days of storage. The developed technology is environmentally safe and could be used in organic production of black currant.

The purpose of this study was to identify the adaptive possibilities of introduced pear varieties in the conditions of the Steppe Crimea. The object of study served 250 varieties and forms of different origin. The features of sorts belonging to the different ecology-geographical groups are marked. 17 perspective varieties for use in breeding programs as starting material have been selected. The specimens with stable and high productivity, good fruit taste, late blossom, resistance to drought and high frost resistance of generative buds have been selected: Belka, Doktor Til’, Zor’ka, Imeninnitsa, Smerichka, Triumf Zhoduanya, Umanskaya.

Coniferous by the number of species, forms and varieties make up 25 % of the genetic collection of arboretum of the All-Russian Research Institute of Fruit Crops Breeding. They are represented by three families, one of which is Cupresaceae. The purpose of the research is to identify highly ornamental types and forms of the Cupresaceae family of the gene pool of the arboretum of All-Russian Research Institute of Fruit Crops Breeding, which are resistant to a complex of adverse environmental factors. All studied species and forms well tolerate unfavorable conditions of the winter period of Central Russia. An evaluation of the general state at the end of the vegetation period showed that only Thuja occidentalis f. aurea-spicata had a weak vitality. Plants are noticeably weakened, the growth of shoots is insignificant, and the fruits are rare. The Juniperus pseudosabina and the Thuja occidentalis f. aurea-spicata were affected by diseases with the loss of decorativeness. Under the conditions of the arboretum, damages from pests with a loss of decorativeness were not marked. As a result of research, five highly ornamental genotypes resistant to a complex of unfavorable factors of the environment have been revealed for use in the greenbelt setting of the settlements in the Central Chernozem region of Russia. There are Chamaecyparis pisifera, Chamaecyparis pisifera f. filifera, Juniperus sabina f. tamariscifolia, forms of Thuja occidentalis — f. Ellwangeriana gold and f. lutescens.

As a result of a long-term comprehensive study of the Nikita Botanical garden cherry gene pool, an trait collection was formed. Among the introducents it included 54 varieties as sources and donors of valuable traits. Of these, sources of high winter hardiness identified ten varieties, high drought resistance — seven, resistance to cracking of fruits — five, high resistance to moniliosis — one, for coccomycosis — five, late flowering period — five, large fruit — eight, early ripening — eight, high taste — ten, high density flesh — nine, high stable yield — eighteen. The acceleration and intensification of the breeding process depends on the correct selection of parent pairs.

As a result of the research of generative structures of introduced sample of Rubus odoratus, morphological peculiarities of the structure of the flower and the inflorescence were established; studied the dynamics was studied and the duration of flowering as one flower (1-2 to 4-5 days) and inflorescence as a whole (18-25 days) was determined. The analysis of the structure of flowers and inflorescences of R. odoratus, grown in the middle subzone of the taiga of the Komi Republic, gives an idea of the reproductive structures of the plant.

The results of the long-term (1999-2018) introduction study of 11 species of lilac (Syringa L.) from the collection of the South Ural Botanical Garden-Institute, which reached the generative state: S. emodi Wall., S. × henryi Schneid., S. josikaea Jacg., S. komarowii Schneid., S. pubescens Turcz., S. reticulata (Blume) H. Hara ssp. amurensis (Rupr.) P.S. Green & M.C. Chang, S. reticulata (Blume) H. Hara ssp. reticulata, S. sweginzowii Koehne et Lingelsh., S. wolfii Schneid., S. velutina Kom., S. vulgaris L. The aim of the work was to justify the use of lilac species in landscaping settlements of the Republic of Bashkortostan. The study of seasonal rhythm was carried out according to generally accepted methods. Winter hardiness was determined by a scale developed in the Main Botanical Garden of the Russian Academy of Sciences. The evaluation of the decorative qualities of lilac species was carried out according to the decorative scale developed by us based on existing methods. As a result of phenological observations, it was established that the rhythms of the seasonal development of all types of lilacs are fully consistent with the climatic conditions of the region. In terms of flowering species are divided into early, medium and late flowering. S. vulgaris begins to bloom before all, in the middle periods the main part of the species of the collection blooms, the latest in bloom are S. reticulata ssp. amurensis and S. reticulata ssp. reticulata. Different periods of flowering of lilac species allow them to be used for the compilation of landscape compositions of long flowering. Winter hardiness of lilac species in the collection is usually 1 point, which allows to judge about their resistance and compliance with the wintering conditions in the region. When studying decorative traits, lilac species gain from 62 (S. wolfii) to 81 decorative points (S. vulgaris, S. reticulata ssp. amurensis and S. reticulata ssp. reticulata). All these properties of the lilac species of the collection of the South Ural Botanical Garden-Institute allow us to recommend them for use in ornamental gardening of the Republic of Bashkortostan and adjacent territories.

The paper presents data on the occurrence of phenological phases in Apple trees of different maturation periods in the collection area of the Vs. M. Krutovsky Botanical garden. The differences in the dates of entry into a particular phenophase, depending on the variety affiliation. Phenological phases, characterized by the highest intervariety variation established. Trees and varieties with early and late entry into the main phenological phases are identified.

The main purpose of the article was to study the content of the biochemical composition of different raw materials (flowers, leaves, stems, roots) of some representatives of the genus Paeonia L., introduced and grown on the basis of the South-Ural Botanical Garden-Institute for further use as a new source of medicinal plant raw materials. It was found that the peony leaves in maximum quantities accumulate ascorbic acid and starch; in the roots — sugar; in the stems — fiber; in flowers — carotenoids and protein. The presence of 14 amino acids, 9 of which are essential, was revealed. The maximum accumulation of amino acids is observed in the leaves of most species and in the stems of peony varieties. It is shown that taxons of the genus Paeonia L. grown on the territory of the South Ural Botanical Garden-Institute are of interest as a promising raw material.

The article presents brief information about the history of the introduction of chrysanthemums in the humid subtropics of Russia (Sochi). The data on the dynamics of the collection and some main directions in the chrysanthemum varieties study in the Russian Research Institute of Floriculture and Subtropical Crops are given. The modern collection volume of the Institute includes 79 varieties. 34 varieties are the group of large-flowered chrysanthemums, 24 varieties of small-flowered chrysanthemums. The group of decorative chrysanthemums includes 21 varieties.

Introducents of flora of the Far East are characterized by high adaptive abilities, are appreciated for speed of growth, stability, high esthetic, sanitary and hygienic properties, and also possibility of use of a number of types as fruit and small fruit plants. Intraspecific polymorphism is a basis of adaptability of plants, defining success of breeding of the best forms and peculiarities of realization of genetic potential of plants depending on ecological factors. In this paper we report the study of the variability of biometric characteristics of the far Eastern exotic species such as the Amur lilac, bird cherry Maak, Apple berry, currant Komarova, wrinkled rose, grown in the arboretum Sebgo (green zone of Krasnoyarsk). The analysis of the intensity of growth of shoots in 2017, 2018 is given. Research was carried out in the arboretum of the Siberian state University of science and technology named after academician M. F. Reshetnev.

The researches included parameters of 25 olive varieties in comparison with similar parameters of the model variety according to 16 characteristics using cluster analysis. This method made it possible to reveal similarity between all these varieties and model variety based on Euclidean distance. All objects were united into classification tree that is reproduced in dendrogram. According to similarity of characteristics and their size, the varieties united in clusters (groups) are close.

Information is given on the change in the intensity of damage to grape plants by the main phytopathogens under the influence of changing meteorological conditions. In recent years (2015–2018), with the declining intensity of the development of most mycosis, there has been an increase in white rot severity, explained, in our opinion, by damage to plants by sunburn and dry wind. The studied of domestic and foreign breeding varieties are evaluated and grouped according to the degree of resistance to mildew and white rot.

The data of quantitative and qualitative composition of predatory natural entomophages (Family Chrysopidae, Syrphidae, Coccinellidae) depending on the dynamics of aphid abundance (Family Aphididae) and phenological phases of development of corn crop are given. The effectiveness of predatory natural entomophages in the biological control of the number of aphids (family Aphididae) on corn crops was: for family Chrysopidae — 41.0 %, for family Syrphidae — 21.0%, for family Coccinellidae — 38.0 %.

Research conducted in the 2016-2018, showed that the use of Fitoverm M (2 l/ha) after flowering against the background of two standard treatments with the fungicide Luna Tranquility, CS (125 + 375 g/l) (before flowering) effectively reduces the damage of strawberries to gray mold. Two treatments after flowering with Fitoverm M, F (1.5 l/ha) and Alirin-B, SP (60 g/ha) in hot and dry summer conditions effectively reduce the berries rot (BE = 75.8-88.2%) without use of synthetic fungicides.

Experimental data from two years of research showed the perspective of using insecticides based on acetamiprid, thiacloprid, and aversectin C against pear psylla in the conditions of the Nonchernozem zone. The period of semi-decomposition (T₅₀, days) of acetamiprid ranged from 7 to 22 days, tiakloprid from 8 to 21 days, aversectin C from 2-3 days, depending on air temperature, amount of precipitation and dose of the drug. The decrease in the active substance of insecticides from the fruit of pear occurred as a result of chemical destruction and biological destruction (dilution). The rate of decomposition of aversectin C in pear fruits was maximum and was equal to 0,4894 ± 0,0413 days^-1, compared with acetamipride 0,1042 ± 0,0230 days^-1 and thiacloprid 0,0392 ± 0,0021 days^-1. The use of the studied drugs is hygienically safe. The waiting time of insecticides from the group of neonicotinoids and the natural complex of avermectins in the pear was: acetamiprid up to 3 (7) days., thiacloprid — 1-3 days, aversectin C 2-4 days.

Fire blight is one of the most dangerous diseases of rosaceous plants. Its pathogen bacterium Erwinia amylovora induces necrosis of all organs of host plants. In the Russian Federation, this specie is a locally distributed quarantine pest. Fire blight officially registered in 13 regions of the European part of the Russian Federation. The article presents main results of continued studies of the pathogen in VNIIKR. A special attention is given to the improvement of the laboratory diagnostics of E. amylovora, which is necessary for reliable detection of the pathogen in plant material.

The long-term evaluation of the genetic primocane raspberry collection of the of the Kokino Base Station of All-Russian Horticultural Institute for Breeding, Agrotechnology and Nursery, which includes 40 varieties and more than 30 selected forms on resistance to the main fungal diseases and the RBDV virus, has been carried out. The most resistant varieties to leaf spots (Atlant, Brilliantovaya, Zhar-Ptitsa, Medvezhonok, Samorodok, Autumn Bliss, etc.), botrytiosis (Atlant, Brilliantovaya, Zhar-Ptitsa, Karamel’ka, Driscoll`s Maravilla, 1-16-11, 3-117-1, 9-113-1), root rots (Bab’e Leto, Brilliantovaya, Samorodok, Autumn Bliss, Himbotop) and RBDV virus (Zhar-Ptitsa, Karamel’ka, Oranzhevoe Chudo, Heritage, 1-16-11, 44-154-2, 3-117-1) have been highlighted in the field conditions on the hard infectious background.

Weather conditions influenced the level of scab development and fruit damage by codling moth in 2017-2018. Significant changes in the daily air temperature during the growing season, long periods of low temperatures in May and early June, and frosts during blossoming were registered in 2017. There were the main reasons of plant weakening and increasing the development of scab. Weather conditions of the growing season in 2018 were characterized by uneven precipitation and excess of the average daily air temperature, which caused the development of codling moth. In the standard, the development of scab on leaves and fruits amounted to 47.0% and 29.1 % in 2017, and 9.8 % and 3.5 % in 2018. The fruit damage by codling moth in the standard in 2017 was 18.5 % and in 2018 — 50.9 %. Application of the experimental system of fungicides against scab (Indigo, KS; Cantor, KKR; Medea, ME; Grenni, CS) and tank mixture (Strobi, VDG + Grenni, CS) provided the biological efficiency on leaves and fruits of 91.9 % и 90.3 % (2017), 90.4 % и 91.4 % (2018), respectively. The application of plant protection products Gerold, VSK, Calypso, KS and Junona, ME against codling moth in experimental system provided the biological efficiency of 98.4 % (2017) and 94.7 % (2018).

Of all the mycosis of apple trees, the biggest economic damage in the world brings the scab. The work presents the results of the evaluation of the morphological and cultural characteristics of 80 V. inaequalis isolates obtained from leaf litter of susceptible to scab apple varieties: Renet Simirenko, Gala and Golden Delicious from various commercial gardens of the Krasnodar Territory. 24 morphotypes were identified, 20 of them for the first time. The proportion of morphotypes varied in different pathogen populations.

In the article the results of laboratory, field and production trials on studying the antagonistic activity of strain D-11 Trichoderma spp. (basis of the biological preparation Fungilex, L) in relation to apple scab and fruit rot (the fungi V. inaequalis and M. fructigena), biological and economic efficiency of the biological preparation application against apple scab and brown rot are presented. The biologized system of apple-tree protection against the diseases is elaborated with the inclusion of the biological preparation Fungilex, L., allowing to keep 67,5 cwt/ha with a yield of 90.0 % of standard apple production.

Contamination of grapes by stereoisomers of the following organic fungicides effective against fungal diseases determined: Falcon (250 g/l spiroxamine + 167 g/l tebuconazole + 43 g/l triadimenol); Universal (500 g/l tebuconazole); Kolosal (250 g/l tebuconazole); Kolosal Pro (300 g/l propiconazole + 200 g/l tebuconazole). 12 months after the last treatment residues of propiconazole, triadimenol and tebuconazole were found in soil from 2,5 to 4,8 MAC, in grapes — 0,38 mg/kg with MRL 2,0 mg/kg.

The use of the codling moth granulose virus (GCM) as a bioagent is promising, since these microorganisms are targeted towards the pest species, without adversely affecting the beneficial entomofauna and the environment. For several years, laboratory tests of pathogen strains detected by the Institute’s staff in different regions of the Krasnodar Territory were carried out. It was established that local virus strains showed efficacy that was significantly different from the reference samples. It has been revealed that during storage of the biomaterial for one year, dry GCM preparative forms are more stable.

Apple tree is attractive for many phytophages, the harm of which may differ depending on the protection system. So in organic horticulture, the leafroller weevil beetle (Rhynchites bacchus L.) becomes a significant pest, which not only harms the crop, but also is a carrier of fruit rot, moniliosis. The article discusses the symbiotic relationship of this pest and disease.

The article provides information on phytopathogens and phytophilic entomofauna representing a potential danger to apricot varieties in the Moscow region. Phytopathogens include 14 species, of which Stigmina carpophila (Lév.) M.B. Ellis, Monilinia laxa (Aderh. & Ruhland) Honey and Blumeriella jaapii (Rehm) Arx. can cause the greatest harm. Among the phytophagous species, 17 species were identified, but only the aphid Hyaloplerus arundinis F., less frequently Parthenolecanium corni Bouche, colonized on apricot. In general, the complex of phytophages has little effect on the general state of the plants of P. armeniaca. Hyaloplerus arundinis, the appearance of which is highly undesirable as a potential carrier of dangerous viral diseases, poses the greatest danger. The winterhardy assortment of P. armeniaca L. fruit culture nontraditional for central Russia, obtained in the Main Botanical Garden of the Russian Academy of Sciences, which is relatively resistant to pathogens and phytophages, can serve as a basis for further breeding activities.

The main changes in the mycopathic systems of amphecenoses of the Western Ciscaucasia are caused by the increase in the economic value of semi-parasitic fungi (hemibiotrophes). Alternaria was identified as the most widespread and harmful disease. As result of monitoring studies of commercial vineyards in the region, the varieties of Euro-American hybridsare found to be the most affected. The causative agent of Alternaria was fixedon them as an optional parasite, affecting young leaves and developing in theform ofepiphytotics.

Monitoring data on new invasive grape pests in the Western Ciscaucasia leafhopper Metcalfa pruinosa Say are given. Its bioecological peculiarities during the development on the vineyards are described, the trends of harmfulness and spread are identified.

The results are presented in the article, show that since 2009 the spread and species diversity of Fusarium Link. Fungi has increased in the plantations of fruit crops in southern Russia. Fungi of this genus are found as pathogens of root rot, tracheomycosis, and on the apple-tree they also cause rot of the core of the fruit. Eight species were identified on the apple tree, three species were found on stone cultures. F. sporotrichioides Sherb. was found in all fruit crops, and on apple-tree it belongs to the dominants group.

The article presents the results of the application of plant growth regulators gibberellin and mycephitis on the structure of a bunch of Merlot grapes, cultivated by irrigation and on a bogara. Their influence on the mass of the clusters, crest, weight of 100 berries, the number of berries in clusters, depending on the duration of their use during the vegetation period. Max weight of the clusters obtained when applying gibberellin and mycephitis at a dose of 1 mg/l in the post-fertilization period on irrigated and bogara area. Processing plants by mycephitis in a dose of 10 mg/l before flowering on bogara plot had led to substantial increases in the mass of clusters by increasing the mass of 100 berries.

The purpose of this work is to study the influence of the variety peculiarities of Japanese persimmon (Diospyros kaki L.) grown in soil-climatic conditions of Southern coast of Crimea, on the biochemical composition of fresh fruits and to determine the changes occurring during storage in the products of their processing. One of the important stages in the process of studying fruit crop varieties is to determine the amount of biologically active substances contained in their fruits. It has been revealed that fresh fruits of the Zolotistaya variety have the highest content of ascorbic acid — 15,05 mg/100 g. The highest concentration of phenolic compounds in dried and candied fruits, 780 and 696 mg/100 g, respectively, was marked in the prepared from the fruits of Zolotistaya. In dried fruits and candied fruits, received as a result of technological processing of Sееdless fruits, the highest content of ascorbic acid is fixed 12,05 and 7,17 mg/100 g, respectively. The work carried out allows usto identify varieties of persimmon with high levels of biologically active substances, promising for fruit growing in Crimea.

The studies of the resistance of apple accessions to spring frosts have been generalized in this paper. As a result of the artificial freezing, flowers and buds of the studied apple accessions demonstrated high resistance to the spring frost –1,0 °С. The damage of flower pistils did not exceed 10,0 %. The most of the experimental apple accessions showed resistance of flowers and buds at a temperature of –2,0 °С. The damage level did not exceed 25,0 %. The temperature of –3,5 °С became critical for the flowers of most apple accessions.

The purpose of the study was to study the characteristics of the main components of the production process of Fragária x ananássa varieties of different ecological and geographical origin in the conditions of the Oryol region. It has been shown that the varieties “Alba”, “Sonata”, “Solovushka” and “Tzaritsa”, in comparison with Korona, Sara, Marmolada and Kokinskaya rannyaya, demonstrated more efficient photosynthetic activity, high rates of dry matter accumulation, effective outflow, and accumulation of assimilates into ripening fruits, which ultimately affected their high yields.

When studying the influence of temperature on the viability of explants of small fruit crops, the optimal terms and conditions of cultivation were determined. Depositing of explants of Fragaria x ananassa Duch. of variety ‘Nashe Podmoskov’e’, Rubus idaeus L., variety ‘Bryanskoe Divo’ and Ribes nigrum L. variety ‘Bryanskij Agat’ at the temperature of +4-6 °С allowed to keep the viability of microplants for 12 months of through-cultivation. Preserving the in vitro collection of small fruit crops at the temperature of +4-6 °С prolonged the viability of microplants of strawberries by 16.2 %, black currants by 10.0% and raspberries by 3.0 % compared to its maintenance at the temperature of 22-24 °С.

The features of regeneration of the genus Actinidia Lindl. representatives at the propagation stage were studied. The determining value of species characteristics in the realization of morphogenetic potential was established. For the first time the differences between the various forms (male, female, bisexual) were revealed by the multiplication rate. Optimal concentrations of growth regulators for effective clonal micropropagation of the studied taxa were selected.

The scientific basis of formation and methodological aspects of conservation of rare, valuable plant species and varieties in the genebank in vitro were elaborated. The determining role of osmotic (sucrose) and cultivation factors (temperature, light intensity) for slow explant growth was shown. The most optimal explants for long-term in vitro conservation of different plant life-forms based on the complex of factors (regeneration frequency, organogenetic index, micropropagation efficiency) were determined.

A brief description of genetic collection of apple in the Russian Research Institute of Fruit Crop Breeding (VNIISPK) is given in this article. The collection is annually saved and replenished with the introduced apple varieties from various breeding institutions of Russia, CIS, Europe, America and Australia as well as varieties and hybrids of VNIISPK breeding. At the Institute in 01.01.2019, the apple gene pool consisted of 830 accessions and 350 selected seedlings for further study and selection of new source material for breeding. In the genetic collection of the Institute there are sources and donors for apple breeding for columnar habit, winter hardiness, precocity and high productivity, long shelf life of fruit, high resistance and immunity to scab as well as donors of diploid gametes for breeding on a polyploidy level, sources and donors of high content of sugars, titrate acids and biologically active substances (ascorbic acid and P-active substances). Creation, preservation, study and replenishment of the gene pool are a priority and actual direction of research.

The article presents the directions, methods and results of medicinal and aromatic plants breeding in Russian Research Institute of Medicinal and Aromatic Plants (VILAR). The long-term work of several generations of scientists allowed to create of a unique gene pool of medicinal plants, including rare and disappearing species, on the basis of which new varieties are created, adapted to biotic and abiotic environmental factors. The characteristic of new varieties on the yield of raw materials and the content of biologically active substances is given. The characteristic of new varieties on the yield of raw materials and the content of biologically active substances is presented. As a result of breeding at VILAR, in 2010-2018, 20 varieties of medicinal and aromatic plants of 14 species were created and approved for use on the territory of the Russian Federation.

The honeysuckle on Kamchatka one of popular berry cultures and rather widely takes root into amateur gardening where not only the introduced grades, but also grades of local selection are used. A priority task in selection work on a honeysuckle is creation of grades on the basis of local genetic material with a high level of efficiency and quality of fruits, various term of maturing. As a result of selection studying in the Kamchatka scientific research institute of agriculture perspective grades Darinka, Elena are received and transferred to the State test of selection achievements. The description of biological and economic signs of new grades which considerably will expand assortment of berry cultures in the Far East region is presented in article. Darink’s grade medium-sized, medium sprawling is characterized by medium early maturing, high winter hardiness and combines appeal, a large fruits, good taste and productivity. The grade Elena is distinguished from grades of the Kamchatka selection with high efficiency, the early introduction in industrial fructification. Differs in low-tallness, early maturing, the large not showered fruits of dessert taste.

The results of researches on the search and creation of genotypes of various genetic origin and the possibility of their use in further breeding work on black currant have been presented in the article. The complex genetic sources have been identified: 5-66-5 (Dobrynya free pollination), 8-4- 5 (Yadryonaya × Ekzotika), 8-70-7 (Iskushenie free pollination), 33-27-1 (Strelets × Selechenskaya 2), 37-27-4/05 (Debryansk free pollination) 63-35-1 (Lentiai × Debryansk), etc., combining resistance to powdery mildew, leaf spots with large-fruited, high content of vitamin C, productivity.

Breeding work in the botanical garden with chrysanthemum small-flowered started in 2006. Hybrid plants were obtained from free pollination of varieties, which were the starting material for further work. 55 of the most decorative designs were revealed. They were carried out phenological observations, evaluation of decorativeness, economic and biological characteristics. As a result, four varieties — Kaleidoscope, Zefirka, Plamya, Iriska received patents and copyright certificates, they are included in the Register of Breeding Achievements of the Russian Federation. Decorative samples are further explored, contribute greatly to the problem of preserving biological diversity and are of great interest to specialists.

The results of studying the winter hardiness of the hybrid pear fund of Lisavenko Research Institute of Horticulture for Siberia are presented. The investigations were carried out in the southern part of Western Siberia, with contrasting weather conditions in the late autumn and winter. The objects of the study were 369 pear seedlings from free pollination and controlled crossing, conducted in 2005-2006. The aim of the research was to identify frost-hardy families among hybrid pear seedlings. The studies were conducted using ordinary methodology, years of research are 2015- 2018. It was found that for further use in breeding two of the most winter-hardy family (Kupava x Lel, Kupava x Karataevskaya), are promising, in which from 70 to 75% of hybrids had no signs of freezing.

In this article 22 valuable source forms of Asiatic lilies from the collection and hybrid fund of the All-Russian Horticultural Institute for Breeding, Agrotechnology and Nursery were revealed for use in breeding. Evaluation of varieties and hybrids of lilies was performed using standard methods for testing varieties of ornamental plants. The main features used for the selection were the height of the shoots, cytoplasmic male sterility, the diversity of colors and flower forms, timing of flowering, the ability to form large bulbils.

In order to develop strawberry mite resistant varieties, 12 crossing combinations were carried out using Solnechnaya Polyanka variety as maternal and paternal forms. Very weak and weak damage by strawberry mite is noted in the parental forms — Solnechnaya polyanka, Anastasia, Krasavitsa, the selective hybrid 3-90-9 and a variety of unknown origin. Analysis of the offspring showed that the variety Solnechnaya Polyanka gave the seedlings resistance to strawberry mite. In two families 100.0 % of seedlings turned out to be without damage by this pest, in eight — 66.6- 83.3%, in two — 33.3-40.0 %.

A study of the biological resources of the medicinal hyssop has been conducted and a collection of varieties and accessions of H. officinalis L. has been created, including 123 numbers. Using the method of individual family selection and polycross with the use of wild forms as original material, the Volokonovsky hyssop variety was obtained, as well as two new populations of hyssop variety POI-52 and POI-66. The yield of green mass in the variety Volokonovsky on average for three years of research amounted to 327 kg/ha. The POI-52 and POI-66 populations of hyssop variety significantly exceeded the Volokonovsky standard in green mass yield by 18.4 and 22.6 %, respectively. In the variety Volokonovsky seed productivity was at the level of 2.85 c/ha, and promising populations of hyssop variety significantly exceeded by seed yield the standard by 13.6 and 14.7 %, respectively.

The article presents the results of studies of the yield of plants of introduced varieties of cherries on the rootstock VSL-2 with various forms of crown. The objects of research were the varieties Krupnoplodnaya, Lyubava, Annushka, the plants of which are shaped by type: free-growing spindle (control), flattened spindle, weeping crown shape. The highest average yield for 2017-2018 was noted in the Krupnoplodnaya variety when forming a weeping crown shape (30.6 t/ha) and flattened spindle (28.9 t/ha).

The analysis of the criteria indicating the relevance of updating the requirements for greening industrial horticulture and the methodology of its ecological-landscape of land management in agricultural landscapes of agricultural enterprises was carried out. Legislative acts of the Russian Federation are considered, providing the formula for such a restructuring in accordance with global trends of greening economic activity, increasing the pace of production intensification and observing the principles of environmental protection. The obstacles preventing the acceleration of this restructuring in a market economy with patterns of zonal biologization of fruit production and its territorial organization in agricultural enterprises without taking into account the divisions of the geographical landscape are explained. In order to update the methodology of industrial horticulture, a discussion was held on the criteria of the legal field protected by RF legislative acts in carrying out the reform of on-farm land management in agricultural landscapes of agricultural enterprises and creating places with favorable habitat for garden landscapes in them. When working on the methodology, sources of information on the principles of restructuring were used, which were borrowed from legislative acts of the Russia, land management techniques based on the ecologicallandscape approach and reports on its approbation in agricultural enterprises of the central region of the Russia. The peculiarities of methodology reorganization were discussed by considering the concept of creating garden landscapes as part of agrolandscapes of agricultural enterprises, taking into account the methods of assessing the agroecological grouping of lands in agrolandscapes for horticulture, assessing the importance of landscape ecology, landscape ecology and engineering, variations of environmental and energy management, environmental safety of modern agricultural technologies. Analyzed the conditions for certification of gardening, taking into account international standards (ХАССП/HACCP, ISO 50001, ISO 9000, ISO 9001) and their Russian counterparts (GOST R). In conclusions it is specified modern value of “legal framework” of acts of the Russian Federation of the working sites concerning reorganization of intra-economic land management for the purpose of creation of industrial agricultural (garden) landscapes. Application for this purpose criteria of the new knowledge base of the agroecology based on the principles of agrolandchaftovedenie management, engineering, environmental monitoring and power audit, quality management of products taking into account domestic and international standards (следует дополнить в соответствии с сделанным выше замечанием).

The effect of mineral fertilizers on the dynamics of mineral nitrogen (Nmin) in the soil layer 0-60 cm was studied in the field experiment with sour cherry trees of the Turgenevka variety planted in 2015. Treatments included: 1. Control (without fertilizers); 2. N30K40; 3. N60K80; 4. N90K120; 5. N120K160. Urea and potassium sulfate were used as fertilizers. During the growing periods in 2017 and 2018 the Nmin content changed within 3.0…29.9 mg/kg in the soil without fertilizer application. The Nmin concentration was increased by 1.6-13.3 times in the soil when applying fertilizers. The highest level of Nmin was observed in May for all variants while the lowest level was in July and August. The movement of mineral nitrogen in the deeper layers of the soil was observed when applying fertilizers in N90K120 and N120K160 doses. The application of fertilizers in N60K80 and N120K160 doses led to a significant increase in the trunk diameter (by 11%) in the first year of their use. With fertilizer application the increase in yield was not significant (by 17-22%).

The article contains the results of the study of agrochemical parameters of gray forest-steppe soils under the garden in connection with the use of increasing doses of mineral fertilizers. The changes in the parameters of the content of humus, mobile compounds of phosphorus and potassium, mineral nitrogen and pH under the action of fertilizers in doses N₉₀P₉₀K₉₀ and N₁₂₀P₁₂₀K₁₂₀ were determined. The positive effect of fertilizers on the productivity of the apple tree entering fruiting on the rootstock of MM106 was established. With application of mineral fertilizers to the soil in a dose of N90P90K90, the productivity of apple trees entering fruiting increased by 15.5% (variety Aydared), 62.2% (variety Rennet Simirenko) and 94.5% (variety Golden Delicious); when applied N₁₂₀P₁₂₀K₁₂₀ — in the Golden variety apple tree, the productivity increased more than twice as compared with the control variant (without applying fertilizers).