Most of the existing effective genes of wheat resistance to pathogens of dangerous diseases are introgressed by its wild relatives. The gene pool of the genus Aegilops is an important source of new genes of resistance to diseases. Results of long-term studies of Aegilops taushii Coss. samples of the world collection of VIR on resistance to North Caucasian populations of pathogens Puccinia triticina, P. striiformis, P. graminis, Pyrenophora tritici-repentis, Septoria tritici formed the basis of the database "Sources of resistance to dangerous diseases of wheat among samples of Aegilops taushii Coss." registered in the register of Federal Institute of industrial property, which is intended for active use in breeding on immunity.

As a result of many years of work, scientists from Closed joint-stock company «Krasnoyaruzhskaya zernovaya kompaniya» and laboratories of the Belgorod National Research University have created working collections of accessions of honey grass: O. arenaria (Kit.) DC, M. alba Medik., Ph. tanacetifolia Benth., H. officinalis L. They include both wild-growing forms formed in conditions of ravine-beam complexes and chalk outcrops of the Belgorod region, as well as a variety of ecologically-geographical and genetic origin. The study of selection samples was carried out in accordance with the methodology of testing for distinctness, uniformity, stability. The methods of individual-family selection and polycross were used, using wild-growing forms as a starting material. This allowed the creation of new varieties of herbs, adapted to the soil and climatic conditions of the region and possessing a set of signs of environmental sustainability and fitness. New adapted varieties of honey cultures were obtained: Varvarovsky (M. alba Medik.), Milica (Ph. Tanacetifolia Benth.), Volokonovsky (H. officinalis L.), Sibiryak (O. arenaria (Kit.) DC), which combine the signs of high yields of green mass and stable seed production.

The paper presents the results of 30 crossing combinations of Anemone coronaria L. Inheritance of decorative features of a fl ower by seedlings of the fi rst generation is studied. In most case the seedlings from crossing combinations of varieties of the De Caen group inherit perianth parent form, and from 2,2% to 50% seedlings from crossing of anemone varieties of St. Brigit group got perianth shape characteristic for De Caen group. In most situations, as in De Caen group, so in St. Brigit group, seedlings from crossing combinations of varieties with different color corolla had other perianth color. When crossing varieties of St. Brigit 52,2- 98,9% of seedlings in eight from eleven combinations have got other perianth center color. The largest quantity other perianth color were obtained in following crossing combinations: Hollandia × The Bride, Sylphide × The Bride, Mr. Fokker × Hollandia, Sylphide × Hollandia, Sylphide × Mr. Fokker, The Governor × Mount Everest, Admiral × Mount Everest, Lord Lieutenant × The Governor, Admiral × The Governor, The Bride × The Governor.

This paper presents the results of Citrus reticulata Blanco var. unshiu Tan. (mandarine) breeding in the humid subtropical zone of Krasnodar region. The objects of this research are some promising forms of hybrid and nucellar origin, obtained as a result of controlled hybridization, as well as some clones selected in commercial plantations. It was noted that not all the released varieties fully meet the ecological conditions during cultivation. The disadvantages of the existing assortment are low winter hardiness, plant height and late ripening, in this regard, the main breeding goals were defi ned. Using the wide genetic diversity of Citrus genotypes with economically valuable traits from the collection of the Russian Research Institute of Floriculture and Subtropical Crops, new forms were bred for expanding Citrus assortment in the Russian humid subtropics. The created forms 10, 12, 17, 22, 33 are superior to the main released variety ‘Kowano-Wase’ in fruit productivity and quality (weight and size of the fruit). Forms-clone 22 and clone 33 (18.2-23.3 kg/tree) were the most productive, the forms clone 33 and hybrid 17 were revealed for large fruits, the average weight of their fruits range from 96,3 to 98,4 g. Clone 22, clone 33 and hybrids 10 and 12 are early ripening forms (end of September - early October). New forms have an increased resistance to extreme environmental conditions. The present paper demonstrates the characteristics of new forms in the Russian breeding which pass competitive and State testing.

At present, on the background of deterioration of the ecological situation, an increase in the frequency of dangerous mushroom epiphytoty and climate change, the Russian cherry gene pool does not meet contemporary production requirements. The accumulated and preserved Altai gene pool of the steppe cherry can be considered one of the most significant in the Russian Federation. It has a long history of creation and currently involves 6 wild-growing species, over 100 accessions and 4,070 hybrids from 255 families. Genetic sources of valuable breeding features were revealed, including 18 that act as the genetic producers of unreduced gametes. The collections involving 63 natural and 350 amitotic polyploids, created through in vitro culture, are constantly replenished and maintained. In the long term, the steppe cherry culture is expected to move on a new hexaploid level (2n = 48).To maintain and expand the existing original gene pool and for its successful use in breeding, a complex methodical approach is needed. The authors of the article proposed an improved scheme of the breeding process, including: the attraction of new wild-growing East Asian genetic sources (P. incisa Thunb., P. canescens Bois., P. serrulata Lindl.), remote hybridization, polyploidy, gamete selection, in vitro culture (embryoculture, micropropagation, mutagenesis), selection according to biochemical parameters for fruit quality. For the accelerated analysis of the data, an electronic database of chemical parameters of cherry fruit was created.

Russian Research Institute of Floriculture and Subtropical Crops is the holder of the unique collection of Persimmon Oriental, which includes 22 varieties of domestic and foreign breeding introduced from China, Japan, USA, Italy, and also two species: Caucasus persimmon (Diospyros lotus L. ) and Virginian persimmon (Diospyros virginiana L.). The collection, is the basis for breeding work, particularly the screening of sources of valuable economical features, in order to create new varieties and forms. During researches, the sources of valuable economical and significant traits for breeding were identified - ‘Zenji-Maru’, ‘Geili’, ‘Fuyu’, ‘Djiro’, Diospyros virginiana, which are interested for breeding on yield, fruit quality (not astringency, mass and biochemical composition), resistance to extreme environmental factors. 2014-2017 period, nine crossbreeding combinations were conducting, a wide variety of hybrids obtained, 36 prospective forms were identified, eleven of which are elite for main characteristics. Using Diospyros virginiana in remote hybridization, new hybrid forms were obtained which unite both the mother and father’s features. These forms are valuable material for the identification of winter-resistant forms and may be involved in further hybridization. As result of research of the collection of the accessions, a conveyor of different ripening periods of persimmon Eastern varieties for the Black Sea coast of the Krasnodar Region was proposed. It was noted, that the group of early ripening varieties is too small and needs replenishment.

Studies were initiated to create pepper´s shrub stock identifi ed source material for pot culture in the low-capacity substrate with an expressed decorative effect. Analysis of the architectonics traits inheritance in F1, F2, BP1, BP2, P1, P2 populations were revealed their independent inheritance, however, showed epistatic gene interaction of genes Mf and fa, manifested in the reduction of the length of the internodes, height of plants, and the number of fl owers per node. Immature embryo culture is used for accelerated linear material production.

The factors of the abiotic environment were assessed with the aim of isolating the limiting factors of growth and development of varieties of hazelnut (President, Cherkessky-2, Futkurami) in light chestnut soils. Over a 18-year period, the winter hardiness of experimental plants was established, which ranges from 1,5 to 2,5 points. Damage to generative organs was noted in the plants of Futkurami variety during the winter period when the temperature of the air was dropped to -37 °C.

The possibility of applying jasmonic acid during storage of honeysuckle microplants (Lonicera) in culture in vitro, under different temperature regimes has been studied. Depositing of honeysuckle microplants in vitro on media with addition of jasmonic acid (in various concentrations) and at a low positive temperature ensures their viability for 36 months of non-stop culture.

The article presents the results of studying the long-term conservation of microplants of small fruit crops by in vitro method. The introduction of mannitol into the nutrient medium in different concentrations reduced the growth rate and prolonged the period of conservation of microplants. The optimum concentration of mannitol for small fruit crops was 0,45%.

The results of tissue culture micropropagation and conservation of endangered endemic species of the Western Caucasus Galánthus woronowii Losinsk. are presented in the article. It has been shown that each stage of in vitro culture such as explants initiation, de novo development and multiplication required addition of exogenous growth regulators (6-BAP and NAA) into a culture medium at a concentration of 2.0 and 1.0 mg/l and initial cultivation period needed to be long for the development of the fi rst adventive micro-bulbs. It has been established that the use of nutrient media supplemented with growth regulators affects various pathways on morphogenesis of cultured explants (bulbs scales parts). A direct organogenesis was obtained on the medium with addition of 6-BAP. Addition of thidiazuron (TDZ) and kinetin enhanced the callus development, from which microbulbs were obtained by indirect organogenesis.

The zoning of peach culture in damp subtropics is basing on adaptive-differentiated agro-ecological and landscape approaches. The infl uence of weather and climatic factor on the productivity of peach varieties is determined on the basis of the phenological method, which takes into account the dates of fl owering and ripening of fruits, as functionally determined by heat and moisture supply during the period from bud to fruit ripening. Particularly important is the specifi city of adaptive reactions of culture and its varieties in mountain conditions, where the relief causes an uneven distribution of agro-climatic resources even at small distances, affecting the amount and timing of the yield.

Agroecological zoning of perennial crops is basing on their requirements for weather conditions in the system “genotype - environment’, taking into account the peculiarities of adaptation of each breed in the variety aspect. The phenological method, based on the interaction of plants with a complex of factors (temperature and humidiry, precipitation), by means of a multiple model determines the infl uence of each of them on the value of the yield of varieties. Ecological indicators show specifi c reactions of varieties to changes in weather conditions. The criteria for the evaluation of agro-ecological resources zones of the Actinidia deliciosa and peach, which are necessary to predict the location in damp subtropics of Russian, are substantiating.

Based on the analysis of existing approaches to the quantitative evaluation of the biological form, an iterative algorithm for fi nding marks in the leaf blade image is proposed, which allows you to accurately describe the shape of the sheet. Based on this method, a distance is introduced that is zero for geometrically similar sheet plates and increases with increasing differences in their shape. The cluster analysis carried out with the help of this indicator of 11 varieties of currant suggests that the form of the leaf blade alone cannot serve as a reliable classifi er of varieties of fruit plants.

The purpose of research was to study of the chemical composition of blackcurrant fruit in the conditions of Central Yakutia and the selection of genotypes with the best biochemical parameters for further use in breeding. The evaluation of the biochemical composition of the berries of 9 Altai blackcurrant varieties was held according to the content of soluble dry substances, sugars, organic acids and ascorbic acid by conventional methods. We are revealed that on average varieties contain 15.15% dry substances, 10.2% sugar, 3.2% organic acids, and 118.10 mg/100 g ascorbic acid. The sources of high content of biochemical substances for use in breeding to improve the quality of blackcurrant fruits were identifi ed. We have revealed variability in the level of accumulation of the studied chemical components.

HPLC - chromatograms of the methanol extracts of four-day Lupinus angustifolius L. sprouts were attested to identical set of individual substances of cotyledons and fi rst palmate leaves. The quantities of ferulic acid was 76.5-325.8 mg/100 g dry weight as well as gallic acid content was 0.5-2.0 mg/100 g d.w. both in cotyledons and in palmate leaves. The chlorogenic acid was discovered in cotyledons within 60.3-242.8 mg/100 g d.w., whereas in young foliage leafl ets it presented in trace amounts. The peculiarity of the distribution in sprouts of chlorogenic acid was associated with the stages of organs development.

The idea of a low molecular weight antioxidant metabolome and its place in the metabolome of higher plants, as one of its components was substantiates. The main feature of low molecular weight metabolites - antioxidants is to protect cell components from the damaging effects of oxidative stress and antioxidant defense systems formation of individual plants and their resistance, which is determined by the genotype and environmental factors.

For the fi rst time, the relative DNA content of Paeonia anomala L. and Paeonia hybrida Pall. was studied by fl ow cytometry and Paeonia regeneration buds were used as an alternative variant of plant organs free of stain inhibitors. The values of the relative DNA content in the studied species of the Paeonia genus did not show statistically signifi cant differences, despite considerable morphological differences.

The article presents the results of studies of the composition of low molecular weight metabolites identifi ed by gas chromatography-mass spectrometry, in the leaves of Cerasus avium L. Chermashnaya varieties grafted on different rootstocks (Izmaylovskiy, Moskoviya, Stepnoy rodnik, VZ-13, VSL-2, V-5-88, AVCH-2). 23 connections were identifi ed. It was found that the accumulation of alcohol-soluble substances in the leaves depends on the stock/scion combination.

The article presents data on the content of ascorbic acid in the aplle fruits of different scion/rootstock combinations grown in natural and environmental conditions of the Orenburg region. Varieties grafted on the rootstocks Ural 56 and Ural 14 produce fruits with a higher content of ascorbic acid than those grafted on Ural 5 and Ural 8. Thus, correctly forming scion/rootstock combinations can increase the content of vitamin C in Apple fruits of different ripening periods.

The complex of regression models of economically valuable features of grape in the conditions of the Lower Don region was created. The material for study served the observations of grape varieties of the Ya. I. Potapenko Don ampelographic collection in 1981-2017. For receiving stationary time series in the conditions of agrotechnical and climatic changes the analysis in differences was carried out. On the received models climate-cause forecasts were made. Models in differences have the best predictive abilities.

We have created an original dynamic model of grape phenology regulation by the system of temperature minima of phenophases and a computer program that calculates the dynamics of the plant state, adapting to changes in air temperature with a daily step. The aim of this work was to verify and validate the model. 12 varieties of collection of Ya. I. Potapenko Research Institute of viticulture and winemaking served as materials for the study. The results confi rmed the adequacy of the model and its ability to forecasting.

N the study the infl uence of amorphous silica “Kovelos” and its colloidal solution on shoot growth characteristics (“Losinoostrovskaya13” carrot, “Khrustishka F1” cucumber, “Bychyeserdtse” tomato, “Alfa” pea) has been investigated. The preplant treatment was implemented by means of amorphous silicon dioxide powder of 25, 50, 100 mg/g and colloidal solution of silicon dioxide of 0.5, 2 и 4 g/l including in low-temperature conditions. The substances demonstrated growthpromoting effect on plants that was more developed in the cold stress conditions. The optimal concentrations were 4 g/l for the preplant treatment of seeds of carrot variety “Losinoostrovskaya13”, tomato variety “Bychye-serdtse”, pea variety “Alfa” and 2 g/l for cucumber variety “Khrustishka F1”.

As a result of the analysis of the alcohol extract of Pyrus communis L. microplants, 92 low molecular weight metabolites were identifi ed by gas-chromatography-mass spectrometry method after the magnetic-pulse action. It is established that the synthesis of alcohol-soluble substances depends on the duration of the period after the magnetic-pulse treatment.

The analysis of the content of sugars, vitamin C, titratable acids and tasting evaluation of honeysuckle depending on weather conditions in 2016-2018 is presented in the article. The infl uence of temperature during the formation of fruits on the taste characteristics and biochemical composition of honeysuckle berries is established. Under conditions of elevated temperatures, berries were formed with high sugar-acid index and high vitamin C content. The relationship between the indicator of the sugar-acid index and the ball tasting evaluation of honeysuckle berries was revealed.

The purpose of our researches was the study of dynamics of sugars maintenance in generative kidneys of cherry remote hybrids during the dormant period in connection with their winter hardiness. Content of sugars was determined by intensity of coloring of generative kidneys tissues in α-naphthol solution (on a 5-mark scale) from November to March during the period from 2009 to 2016. When assessing the winter hardiness and frost resistance of generative kidneys, the number of live generative kidneys (in percent) was taken into account. The higher resistance to adverse winter period factors during the dormant period for the generative kidneys of the remote triploidny cherry hybrids was revealed at the higher content sugars in them. Peculiarities of sugars dynamics in generative kidneys and their winter hardiness depending on genetic origin of hybrids were established. The valuable for horticulture and breeding hybrid families were revealed.

Actinidia is a promising crop for amateur gardening of Russia. The main interest there are Actinidia colomicta varieties, characterized by high adaptive potential. The purpose of investigations was to evaluate the regeneration ability of soft - wood cuttings of different Actinidia colomicta accessions under the circumstances of their propagation in the fog-forming houses. As a result of the work carried out the following promising varieties were revealed for this parameter: Ananasnaya Michurina, Feya and Vinogradnaya.

The purpose of research was the selection of honeysuckle accessions that are most adapted to the natural and climatic conditions of Yakutia in order to create on their basis sources material for breeding work. 24 honeysuckle accessions from various regions both within the country and abroad were studied. According to the economically valuable traits in the conditions of Central Yakutia, high-yield accessions were revealed for further breeding work.

The article presents the results of the study of promising forms of golden currant. As result of the study of the hybrid fund new forms of Ribes aureum Pursh. were revealed: 1-2 (Ural’skaya), 1-3 (Samocvet), 1- 1 (Stepnaya), 2-2 (Nahodka Urala) with a complex of economically valuable features, with a high potential of productivity, with a complex of adapted features.

The article proposes a scale elaborated by the authors of evaluation for economically valuable traits of species and varieties of the genus Dahlia Cav. Results of studying of economic characteristics of a Dahlia in the conditions of introduction in the South-Ural Botanical Garden-Institute - Subdivision of the Ufa Federal Research Centre of the Russian Academy of Sciences are given. Most of the studied taxa are promising for cultivation in the South Ural.

The 4.4% of plants of the genetic collection of the Arboretum of Russian Research Institute of Fruit Crop Breeding are plants of Aceraceae family (9 species, 2 forms and 2 varieties). This family includes one genus - Acer. The purpose of the research is to identify woody species, forms and varieties of the Aceraceae family, which are highly ornamental and resistant to a complex of adverse environmental factors. Four highly ornamental genotypes resistant to a complex of unfavorable factors of the environment have been revealed for use in the greenbelt setting of the settlements in the Central Chernozem region of Russia. There are Acer Ginnala, A. japonicum, A. platanoides f. globosum and A. pseudoplatanus f. purpurascens. Acer platanoides, A. platanoides ‘Crimson King’, A. platanoides ‘Drummondii’ and A. pseudoplatanus are recommended additionally for the park creating.

On the basis of long-term data, the article describes the application of the method of quantitative description of pear leaf shape using regression analysis for testing the varieties and hybrids available in the collection. For exact description pear leaf plate form on linear parameter were calculated 3 indexes and 3 corners, allowing quantitative to describe practically any leaf plate forms both pears, and other fruit cultures, having oval, round-oval, ovate and simple undissected by leaf form.

The paper present methods of estimation of decorativeness and physiological state of garden rose. Having developed the estimation scales of ornamental features for groups of shrubby rose and grandifl orus rose and the change scale of physiological parameters of leaves for comparative estimation of the resistance of landscaping rose’s varieties in the region were elaborated. Comprehensive estimation of varieties, taking into account their belonging to defi ned functional group will allow to purposefully use their in urban landscaping and to reduce costs for annual replacement of variety cultures, characterized by low resistance.

Researches of introduction of medicinal and aromatic plants are the major factor defi ning development of branch of medicinal crop production in our country. All-Russian research Institute of medicinal and aromatic plants role in these researches, achievements and the prospects of their development at the present stage is shown.

The article discusses topical issues of conservation and optimization of collections of ornamental plants at the FSBSI ARHIBAN, focuses on the factors infl uencing the number of plants at the samples of the collections of perennial herbaceous plants. The need to compare plants of the same biological age during the variety study was indicated. Duplication of model plants with planting 1-2 years later than the main collection will allow you to have plants of different ages at the same time. When replenishing collections with new samples, it is recommended to reduce the number of plants of unpromising species, forms and varieties.

A primary introduction study of 19 taxa of Dianthus L. (D. acicularis Fisch. ex Ledeb, D. hypanicus Andrz., D. knappii (Pant.) Aschers. et Kanitz, D. plumarius L., etc.) was conducted on the basis of the South-Ural Botanical Garden-Institute of Ufa Federal Research Centre of Russian Academy of Sciences. Their decorative qualities were investigated. Measured on a 100-point scale, 10 taxa of Dianthus received more than 90 points. They are the most promising for inclusion in the zonal range of plants recommended for use in green construction of Bashkortostan.

In the soil-climatic conditions of the Moscow region, the varieties of intersectional hybrids of peonies (ʻBartzellaʼ, ʻGarden Treasureʼ, ʻHillaryʼ, ʻPrairie Charmʼ, ʻYellow Heavenʼ) undergo all the phenological phases. The duration of the vegetation period was 194-200 days, which allowed these varieties to be attributed to the spring-summer-autumn-green phenorythm-types.

In the course of the conducted research in the Krymsk EBS, VIR Branch for the propagantion of clonal rootstocks, the rooting by lignifi ed cuttings of interspecifi c elite forms recommended for testing as a clonal universal rootstocks for plum, peach, apricot and almond was studied. It has been confi rmed that with the participation of species P. tomentosa, P. ulmifolia, P. pumila, P. cerasifera in breeding, a weak growth force is inherited by seedlings, and light rooting by lignifi ed cuttings is transmitted by species P. pumila and P. cerasifera.

The study of the peculiarities of biometric parameters of trees of the Ural pear varieties is carried out. Trees of pear varieties Tonkovetka uralskaya, Zarechnaya, Raduzhnaya, Dobryanka, Nizkoroslaya are medium-sized (4,5-5,5 m); trees of pear varieties Talitsa, Permyachka, Gvidon are strongly tall (more than 5,5 m). Varieties Gvidon, Tonkovetka Uralskaya, Zarechnaya have a rounded shape of the crown; varieties Permyachka, Raduzhnaya, Dobryanka, Nizkoroslaya have a pyramidal shape of the crown; variety Talitsa has a narrow pyramidal shape of the crown.

As a result of the conducted studies, differences in the formation of both early and general yields, the yield of marketable products, the preservation of tomato fruits during temporary storage in an adapted storage facility were established. When growing tomatoes in spring fi lm greenhouses, it is necessary to carefully select the hybrid for specifi c production conditions to obtain fruits with specifi ed characteristics and properties to a certain time. The hybrid Agilis (6.74 kg/m2) was characterized by the maximum early yield of tomato fruit, the hybrids Belfort (17.13 kg/m2), Agilis (16.43 kg/m2) and Makhitos (16.19 kg/m2) ) were characterized by the largest total yield, the hybrids Magnus and Belfort were characterized by better keeping in temporary storage.

The study of the different levels of drip irrigation and nutrition effi ciency was conducted with sweet cherry seedlings of the Vasilisa variety under conditions of dry steppes of the Volga upland. The results showed that the most developed plants can be obtained under drip irrigation with water supply at the level of 80 % LW (указать полный текст) into a differentiated soil layer from 0.2 to 0.4 m deep and a fertigation scheme, including three feeding of seedlings with doses of N10P5 and N10 in combination with two Izabion foliar feedings.

The article presents data on the effect of the fertilizers “Samorod” and “Orengum” on the development of the root system, activation of the growth processes of apple seedlings in controlled conditions of protected soil, which contributes to the improvement of the quality of seedlings of the apple varieties under study.

In order to determine the optimal doses and methods of applying mineral fertilizers with drip irrigation in strawberry plantations on sod-podzolic soils, fi eld agrochemical experience was laid. According to the results of two years of research, it was possible to establish that on average the maximum productivity was observed in variants with combined introduction (fertigation+at stock) of the full recommended dose of fertilizers: in plants of Honeoye variety productivity was 274 g, in plants of Troitskaya variety was 235 g. Application of a double dose of fertilizers did not contribute to an increase in productivity compared to the control (200-211 g per plant).

Data on the impact of organic fertilizer “Evrikor-Forte 7” and “Evrikor Sila Rosta” on the intensifi cation of the growth process of seedlings of black currant in a controlled environment greenhouse are presented.

As a result of the research, a technique for multiplex PCR “real-time” was elaborated to identify the main pathogens of phytophthora root rots of raspberry and strawberry, including quarantine biotype Ph. fragariae. The selected probes allowed to reliably identify the causative agents of late blight root rot of raspberry and strawberry in a concentration from 2.0x10-5 mg/ml to 3.3x10-7 mg/ml.

Global warming contributed to the expansion of the area of plum moth (Grapholitha funebrana Tr.). The accumulation of a larger amount of effective temperatures leads to an increase in the number of phytophages and to formation of 2 generations per year in the Central non-Chernozem zone. The article analyzes the relationship of the sum of effective temperatures with the accumulation and dynamics of the pest with the use of polynomial trends.

There is described the development of codling moth in 2016-2017 and the use of preparations against the fi rst and second generations of codling moth. The use of modern preparations against codling moth gave high biological effi ciency (BE). Against the fi rst generation high BE (97,2% and 97,5%) was noted in the treatments with coragen, avant, dimilin,. The highest BE against the second generation was obtained in the treatments with coragen, avant, dimilin and calypso (97,6% and 97.8%; 98,1% and 98,5%).

The main directions and achievements of scientifi c research of the famous scientist, professor O. Z. Metlitsky are connected with the study of phytoparasitic nematodes on the fruit and small fruits cultures. His rich scientifi c heritage (teachers, books, methodologies, recommendations, articles, standard of planting material) is widely used by the new generation of specialists in plants protection, University teachers and students, gardeners-practitioners.

In the conditions of the forest-steppe of the Altai Territory, a check variety and 144 introduced grape varieties were studied in order to assess the degree of mildew affection. A strong infl uence of weather conditions on the degree of its development is noted. Excessive amount of precipitations during the vegetative season (295.0-455.9 mm) and high air humidity (70-100%) contributed to the active development of the disease. In the years with a defi cit of precipitations, mildew was not observed. 55 varieties are classifi ed as non-resistant (affection up to 4-5 points). 64 resistant varieties were revealed, in which the affection in epiphytotic years was not more than 1 point.

The prevalence of harmful Apple stem grooving virus, Apple stem pitting virus, Apple chlorotic leaf spot virus, Apple mosaic virus on apple plants in the Moscow region has been studied. The total viruses contamination was 43%, and individual viruses varied between 6-31% with prevalence of ASPV virus. The most contaminated were the varieties Orlovskoye Polesye, Sinap orlovsky, Melba, Valyuta (60-100%). Free from harmful viruses apple plants of 15 varieties were revealed for obtain source plants.

The aim of the study was to determine the effect of tree cutting height on the activeness of catalase in leaves, the resistance of Antonovka obyknovennaya apple 1987 planting on a stronggrowing rootstock to scab and yield. Depending on the height of the rejuvenating pruning, the lesion of trees with scab decreased by 14,3-20% compared to the control variant, the yield increased by 26,7-70%.

As biosecurity techniques to combat one of the main pests of wheat - the cereal leaf beetle - in the Krasnodar Territory, it has been recommend to use the so-called “ bait crops”, such as spring wheat and spring barley, on which the pest is concentrated, while not planting winter wheat. In laboratory conditions against a pest, a bioassay was screened on phytoverm-M, in comparison with the Karate Zeon where the best results were obtained with the fi rst biological product.

In 2017 the biology of the appleleaf blister mite was studied in order to determine its greatest vulnerability to treatments. The most favorite time was the spring release of female ticks after wintering, the period of feeding, which on the surface of the leaves, is one to two weeks. The departure for wintering was long from the end of July to the end of August and the holding of protective measures at this time is less effective. We used a biological remedy which was based on Beauveria bassiana (Bals.) Vuill. in the period before and after the fl owering of the apple tree, which made it possible to reduce the number of this phytophage in 2018. The number of trees with signs of colonization by the appleleaf blister mite decreased by 60%, and there was no damage to the fruit, as compared with 2017.

The goal of research was to study the technology of new biofungicides application against pathogens Venturia inaequalis (Cooke) G. Winter and Podosphaera leucotricha (Ellis & Everh.) E.S. Salmon in the integrated system of plant protection and organic farming. In 2016 and production tests were carried out to determine the biological and economic efficacy of laboratory samples of biofungicides under the conditions of Rostov Region and Krasnodar Krai. Regular technology of the traditional plant protection products application was used as a standard. In the conditions of the Rostov region in 2016 and 2017 before harvesting, depending on the variety of apples, the prevalence of the disease on fruits in the economic standard was 2.5 and 40.7%, and in the best experimental version did not exceed 1.6 and 36.0%. In the conditions of the Rostov region in 2016 and 2017 before harvesting, depending on the apple variety, the prevalence of the disease on fruits in the economic standard was 2.5 and 40.7%, and in the best experimental version did not exceed 1.6 and 36.0%. The yield of apples with the application of the test technology was 24% higher than with the use of the standard technology. The laboratory samples of biofungicides were quite effective at early stages of powdery mildew and alternaria development in Krasnodar Krai. We observed higher efficacy than in the technology using commercial biological preparations, 1.5-5.5% and 8-13% respectively. The use of laboratory samples of biofungicides in a young garden contributed to the preservation of yield by 25-105% in comparison to the standard technology. Application of the technology based on the biofungicides laboratory samples, depending on the type of farming system, allowed to save up to 70% of the cost of the fungicides.

The characteristic of the special computer program “Feno-S”, created in Mangyshlak experimental Botanical garden is given. It is designed for input and storage of phytophenological information in the memory of the computer for further operational search, mathematical processing, detection of phenotype indicators of plant prospects, printing, histograms and phenospectra, exports in various text and graphic formats, compilation of reports and lists for given taxonomic, bioecological, decorative and phenological parameters . The description of the simplifi ed methodology of collection, systematization and preparation for the import of long-term phenological research material into electronic databases is presented. Information is provided on the composition and structure of the database formed to date, including 109 fi elds of information of symbolic, numerical, logical and temporal types and 2240 records by years for 299 taxa from 45 families and 83 genera.