The article presents the results of determining the viability of pollen of new genotypes of apricot in the collection of the Nikita Botanical Garden on an artifi cial nutrient medium. Based on research results in 2015-2016, a low germination of pollen grains on a solution of sucrose was revealed. In 2017, this parameter was quite high and varied by varieties. The maximum values were observed in the varieties Boyarin (41,87 with 15% sucrose solution and 86,83% at 20%), Letchik (26,46 and 21, 45%), Sovremennik (20,36 and 25, 38%), Koster (18,49 and 18,07%), Zorkiy obl. 10/1 (17,65 and 34,11%), Samarityanin (16,03 and 31,19%). The obtained data will be used for further breeding work.

Due to the degradation apple trees in 2015-2017. we started research on the natural renewal of the wild apple tree of Sivers (Malus sieversii Ldb.) in natural habitats (in situ). The natural factors of the renewal of the Sivers apple tree were revealed. It is established that when seeds pass through the gastrointestinal tract of cattle, their germination capacity is increased 2,8 times (72,5 vs. 25,7% in the control), the energy of their germination is activated, the content of endogenous auxins becomes 2 times greater than in seeds that do not pass the gastrointestinal tract.

A comparative study of the microsculpture of the exine of some species of the 2 families of the Rosaceae family - Malus (Malus domestica Borkh., Malus prunifolia, Malus paradisiaca) and Prunus (Prunus persica (L.) Batsch, Prunus spinosa, Prunus domestica). The study used the pollen material of plants from the demonstration garden of the Slovak Agricultural University in Nitra. It is established that the shape of the pollen grains is oblong - ellipsoidal or rounded; three-rooted. Malus pollen grains are more elongated than Prunus pollen grains. Malus species are characterized by one and two-component type of exine sculpture, for Prunus species - two and three-component. It is noted that the diversity of the sculpted surface of pollen grains in combination with their shape and size makes it possible to characterize varieties according to a complex of more subtle morphological features of the exina’s surface. These signs can be used later in the identifi cation of pollen.

The article shows the results of studies of the ecological and geographical forms of pollen of Lonicera caerulea L. on the fertility, vitality and size of pollen grains. An estimation of the quality of the male gametophyte of the main varieties of honeysuckle blue was done with the aim of revealing the best pollinating varieties. The analysis of the productivity of varieties created in recent years by breeders in Russia, as well as studies on the mutual variability of varieties have shown that when providing full-fl edged pollination of varieties Berel, Salyut, Galochka, Sirius, a large number of fruits are tied, and these varieties are the most productive of the existing assortment in Western Siberia.

This article presents economic and biological characteristics of Lonicera caeruleae L. seedlings obtained from free pollination of varieties Lebeduschka, Fialka, Nymphа. Suffi cient adaptation of the seedlings in the conditions of forest-steppe Ob region of the Altai territory was identifi ed. From studied seedlings 2 elite forms 2-64 and 3-128 (free pollination Lebeduschka) were selected by a set of parameters (yield, early fruiting, non crumbling, high taste quality).

A study of fertility, self-fructifi cation and viability of pollen of 25 hybrid forms of peach breeding at the Nikitsky Botanical Gardens was made in 2012-2015. As a result of the study it was noted that pollen grains of hybrid peach forms have a triangular or oval shape. The diameter of the pollen grains in the forms varied from 37,3 to 42,6 μm. The viability of pollen grains of hybrid forms was 22,4-70,5%. The maximum values were for the forms B×FM 80-686 (70,5%), ZM×PR 84-3071 (69,8%), M×N 83-954 (68,5%), C×K III 1/3 (65,3%), C×K III 2/5 (64,6%). Fertility rates were ranged from 13,5 to 52,3%. Forms T × (I1 26-76) 85-197 (52,3%), PK of free pollination × T 85-104 (51,8%), P × K 80-635 (48,2%) were marked with high values. Formation of fruits from self-pollination of hybrid peach forms was reached 82,7%. The maximum values were in the forms C×K III 1/3 (82,7%), M×N 83-936 (66,9%), P free pollination 59-14 (69,7%), M×N 83- 954 (62,3%). The obtained results are of interest in the further breeding work with peach.

Results of the scientifi c studies on cultivation and breeding of wild-growing honeysuckle forms are presented. Most promising forms, with outstanding qualities were pre-identifi ed. Offspring of the best parental forms were obtained. When selecting the seedlings, a priority was given to a unique taste and large-fruit forms. The average weight of one berry was 1,07 g, the maximum was 1,68 g.

The possibility of using jasmonic acid during storage of rowan (Sorbus) microplants in culture in vitro, in various temperature regimes was studied. Rowan microplants deposition in culture in vitro with addition of jasmonic acids in media (at various concentrations) at low positive temperature can signifi cantly improve their viability after 34 months of direct cultivation.

The article presents experimental results of micropropagation and rooting in vitro of several varieties of Hydrangea macrophylla. Genotype and grow regulators in culture media were signifi cantly infl uenced on multiplication of Hydrangea macrophylla in vitro. The best multiplication was observed on Murashige-Skoog media supplemented with 6-BAP 2,0 mg/l. Micropropagation coeffi cient varied on this media depending on genotype from 6,7 (cv. ‘Bichon’) till 8,9 (cv. ‘Madamе Hamard’) shoots per explant. Highest percentage of rooting was obtained on ½ MS supplemented with 2,0 mg/l IBA.

The paper presents the results of study of resistance to damaging factors of the winter hybrids of blue honeysuckle breeding of the Nizhny Novgorod State Agricultural Academy. The hybrids were obtained by free pollination of varieties ‘Lakomka’, ‘Nizhegorodskaya rannyaya’, as well as hybrids, received by crossing the variety ‘Lakomka’ with the variety Kamchadalka’, in which the abnormal infl orescences of the variety ‘Lakomka’ with three fl owering infl orescences was participated.

There are results of biochemical analyzes of grains naked and hulled oats in the article. The results of the research presents that the protein, oil and starch content in naked oat samples are greater than in hulled samples. Among hulled and naked forms are selected varieties and samples with high content of protein and oil.

The results of estimation of strawberry varieties (Elista-control, Pervoklasnitsa, Solnechnaya Polyanka, Feyerverk, Zefi r) on biochemical and commodity parameters of berries are presented. It was revealed that the variety Zefi r has a high content of nutrients: soluble solids - 14,2%, sugar - 7,7%, and vitamin C - 51,2 mg%. According to the tasting assessment, excellent taste qualities were noted in the varieties Feyerverk and Zefi r, these varieties also were distinguished themselves with an attractive commercial appearance.

Seed material of two species of scorpion - Amaranthus retrofl exus L. and Amaranthus hybridus L. - was used for the scanning electron microscopy. From each species, 30 seeds cultivated during different years were analyzed for the objectivity and stability of the traits studied. Samples were investigated and analyzed from whole seeds and samples from seeds after the done cross section. The objects were directly under observation without preliminary physical and chemical treatment. Biometric indices were also taken for seed sizes of two types of shin with the help of a digital microscope. The meridian axis of the seed and the equatorial diameter were measured and the reliability of the difference was determined through the Student’s test.

The article presents the results of studies of changes in the antioxidant activity of aqueous and alcohol leaf extracts of 12 accessions of three species of plums (Prunus domestica L., Prunus salicina L., Prunus rossica Erem.) аnd complex hybrids. The antioxidant activity was determined spectrophotometrically using a 2,2-diphenyl-1-picrylhydrazyloa reagent. It is established that the accumulation of water-soluble antioxidant substances in the leaves of the plum varies between 63 and 46-84,79 (%) in the period from June to August. The maximum content of alcohol-soluble substances - antioxidants in the leaves was noted in July (94,6%). In June and August it was noted the minimum (93,28%). This may be due to active ripening of the fruit. It is also possible that the antioxidant properties of plum leaves are due to the synthesis of compounds of different polarity. Dependence between the value of antioxidant activity of the leaves and resistance to the clasterosporium is not established.

The results of the analysis of starch accumulation in core tissues, core rays, phloem, xylem and cortical zone of some species of the genus Clematis L. are presented. A total score was obtained in determining the content of starch grains in different tissue zones of plants. It was established that the greatest amount of starch grains accumulates in the core and core rays.

Plant treatments with Melaphen and Obstactin were contributed to the improvement of their functional state, water defi ciency was decreased signifi cantly (16,3-16,6%), as well as osmotic potential in cells (3,50-3,54 atm.), the content of bound fraction was increased (74, 2-74,8%) together with the viability of plants (up to 2,5-2,6 units). Heteroauxin, as a drug with high physiological activity, was weakened the plants, intensifying water stress (up to 17,2%) and reducing the amount of bound water (up to 62,6%). When using heteroauxin, the viability of plants is almost at the level of control (2 units). In order to evaluate the correctness of the conclusions, a correlation matrix was constructed. Thus, the use of Melaphen and Obstactin improves the functional state of tangerine plants, contributing to the inclusion of mechanisms of active resistance to the action of stress factors.

The results of biochemical research of fruits of 30 elite sweet cherry forms during 2012- 2006 are presented. The content of soluble solids, sugars, free acids, ascorbic acid and phenolic composition were determined. The best samples with high parameters of chemical compound were revealed: nor. 828, 760, 767, 460.

The article presents the biomorphological peculiarities of eight white-fl owered species of Dianthus L. carnations (D. awaricus Charadze, D. arenarius L., D. daghestanicus Charadze, D. cretaceus Adam, D. elbrusensis Charadze, D. fragrans Adam, D. jaroslavii Galuscko, D lanceolatus Stev. ex Reichenb.) of the North Caucasus of various geographical origin. The obtained results indicate that the natural and climatic conditions affect the size of the stems, the shape of the petals, the shape and size of the calyx, the types of marigolds, the shape and degree of dissection of the leaf blades, and other characteristics. Each of the studied species is characterized by certain adaptive features, the variability of which largely depended on the confl uence of plants to different altitudes above sea level. It was concluded that the most persistent and having taxonomic signifi cance are the features of generative organs: the size of the capsule and calyx, the shape and degree of dissection of the petal plate, as well as the number, shape, size of the bracts.

The article presents the results of studies of the drought resistance of Fragaria ananassa Duch. in the conditions of Cisural area. The damaging factors of the summer period in the conditions of the region are presented. The level of drought tolerance of varieties depending on the weather conditions is analyzed. The strawberry varieties Anna and Kokinskaya Zarya are recommended as promising introduced drought-resistant varieties in the conditions of Cisural area (for example, the Orenburg region).

The article presents the results of research of economic biological characteristics of prospective forms of raspberry. Valuable forms 1-73, 2-20 for breeding and cultivation in the conditions of the steppe zone of South Ural were revealed.

The paper presents brief information about history of chrysanthemum introduction in humid subtropics of Russia. The aim of the research is to restore, preserve, analyze and replenish the collection. In the article the assortment suitable for cultivation in the region in conditions of greenhouses with unregulated microclimate is given. Total volume of the chrysanthemum collection of the Research Institute of Floriculture and Subtropical Crops consists of 38 accessions: 20 of them are varieties of World breeding (3 of them refer to largefl owered chrysanthemum group, 17 of them refer to small-fl owered chrysanthemum group) and 18 varieties are Institute breeding.

The productive potential of the 11 soybean samples of VIR collection was estimated (2009-2013, 2015) in Moscow region conditions. The The variety Lancetnaya, which is distinguished by seed productivity, was possessed the highest parameters of the number of productive nodes, beans in the node, beans on the main stem, seeds in the bean,% of the beans higher 15 cm. The sources on the high numbers of productive nodes (PEP 27 and Bryanskaya 11), productive branches (Bryanskaya 11 and Severnaya Zvezda) and with largest seeds (Fiskeby V, Maleta, and PEP 27) were revealed.

A comparative evaluation of agrobiological indices of promising introduced apple varieties in the foothill zone of horticulture of the Krasnodar Territory was carried out. As a result of 2 years of research, scion-rootstock combinations of apple Honey Crisp/62 - 396 and Pink Lady/62 - 396, were revealed, which were singled out positively in terms of productivity, fruit marketability and economic effi ciency.

This article presents the results of drought resistance study that had been carried out on 7 peach varieties of foreign breeding in conditions of the South Coast of Crimea. Experimental researches allowed us to identify the specifi c peculiarities of water regime parameters of peach from various ecogeographical groups and exotypes. Varieties with high adaptability and ability to carry out physiological processes under water stress are singled out: Springold, Khidistavsky Beliy, Pintu and Tszyu-Yus-Tszyuy.

As a result of studies of the seasonal rhythm of plant growth and development, differences were established. Differences shows changes in the timing of the onset of vegetation (5-10 days), fl owering and fruiting (15-20 days), and a reduction in their duration. 42 taxon out of 106 introduced species belong to the fi rst (high) group of perspectives, 39 to the second (increased) group, 18 to the third group (median) and indicating successful introductions and prospects.

The introduction of wild species of the genus Rosa L. in St. Petersburg for many years was conducted in the Botanical Garden of Peter the Great of the Botanical Institute of RAS, the E. Regel and J. Kesselring Pomological Garden, and the forestry dendrological garden of the Forestry Technical University. For 300 years, decorative and suffi ciently resistant species for local conditions have been identifi ed. It is summed up that in landscaping R. canina, R. glauca, R. rugosa, R. spinosissima have long been used. Based on the study of the experience of roses in the culture we can recommend for landscaping: Rosa amblyotis, R. altaica, R. corymbifera, R. davurica, R. gallica, R. myriacantha and R. sweginzowii. It is required to introduce one more time: Rosa beggeriana, R. gorenkensis, R. laxa, R. nitida, R. woodsii and others. Due to the relatively small diversity in the origin of roses used in the gardening of St. Petersburg, further work is required to test new types of roses.

The article presents the complex approach to selection of forms resistant to one of the most dangerous disease of stone +crops, coccomicosis. The relationship of resistance to disease with high general adaptability of plants to abiotic and biotic factors of environment has been proven. As a result of the studies, samples resistant to coccomicosis were revealed, which can represent an interest for breeding and horticulture.

The results of evaluation of the apple hybrid fund by the growth force of trees are expounded in the paper. Adaptive for the south of Siberia hybrids with dwarf and semi-dwarf growth force and with a complex of economical valuable characters are selected in saturating crossings of dwarf forms 2-76-11281, 2-76-11300. In combinations from inter-varietal crossings of Altai varietyspecimens, hybrids with dwarf and semi-dwarf growth force are selected. Donors in breeding on inhibited growth force are the variety-specimens 2-76-11281, 2-76-11300, Gornyi sinap, Ermakovskoye gornoye, Pepinka altaiskaya, Tolunai. High part of hybrids with dwarf and semi-dwarf development (37%) was in combinations, where one or two initial forms have an inhibited growth. Use of colon-shaped varieties in breeding gave the possibility in 2010 to select after severe winter 12 selective forms of inhibited growth with alternative form of crown. In 2016 such elite forms as 10-06-4, 10- 06-6, 10-06-9 [Tolunai × (Arbat + Jin + КВ-86 + КВ-87 + КВ-89)], 3-06-1, 3-06-2, 3-06-8 [Altaiskoye purpurovoye × (Arbat + Jin + КВ-86 + КВ-87 + КВ-89)] with medium-sized fruits - 87-120 g, capable of storing for 120 days and different period of ripening, were revealed by fruit-bearing and fruit quality.

The article presents new varieties of the winter ripening season breeding of the Orenburg experimental station of horticulture and viticulture: Orskoye, Zimnee, Orenburgskoe pozdnee, Arkaim, Trudovoe. The created varieties possess a complex of economic and valuable parameters: early fruiting, yield; they are distinguished by high adaptation ability to stress factors of biotic and abiotic origin with high commodity and consumer qualities of fruits.

The article gives a brief description of the biological peculiarities of 8 representatives of the family Boraginaceae Juss., who were passed the test on the basis of the Botanical Garden Institute of the Ufa Science Center of the Russian Academy of Sciences. Recommendations are given on their use in landscaping settlements of the Republic of Bashkortostan.

Sources of high productivity of a horse radish were revealed in conditions of Belarus. Specimens with a relative resistance to white rust were identifi ed. A new variety Veles was obtained by the method of individual clonal selection with yields in annual crop of 12-13 t/ha and 16-18 t/ha in the biennial crop. The technology of reproduction of root cuttings of horse-radish in the conditions of Belarus is developed.

In the conditions of Yakutia the blackcurrant gene pool on resistance to wreckers was studied. Varieties and hybrids as sources in breeding to the main wreckers were revealed: to Cecidophyes ribis - Chara Kytalyk, Myuryuchaana, G-1, G-2, G-4, G-5, G-17, G-12, G-19, G-16; to Tetranychus telarius - G-17, G-19, G-16; to Aphis schneideri - G-4.

In article results of infl uence of stimulating substances on the grapes plants in the Urals area are presented. Stimulating substances “Mival-Agro” and “Lignohumate K” have a positive impact on yield and quality of the studied varieties. The greatest effect is gained from use of the preparation “Mival-Agro”, under the action of microelements, enzymes are activated and the stress resistance of grape plants is increased.

The article reveals the importance of nursery for the effective development of the horticulture industry. Foreign experience in the development of nurseries is given. The modern state of nursery in the Republic of Dagestan is analyzed.

It was studied the aspect of grafting directly in nursery stool bed with planting of grafted rootstocks in the second nursery fi eld. It ensured shortening of the cultivating period and led to a signifi cant reduction of production self-cost (one year old seedlings) under the conditions of the Central Chernozem Region of the Russian Federation. It is established that the application of the technology of cultivation of the nursery stool bed with the use of an organic substrate provides a large number of layers suitable for their parameters to be grafting directly in nursery bed. The survival rate of rootstocks 62-396 grafted in the nursery bed, in second nursery fi eld was 100%. Biometric parameters of one year old apple seedlings (7 varieties) met the requirements of State standard. The level of profi tability of the traditional technology (grafting in the nursery) was about 136%, the mastering of the proposed technology (grafting in nursery bed) increased rent ability up 217%, i.e. 60% more, the profi t increased almost on 500 th. rubles/ha, the self-cost of seedlings tree decreased by 11 rb.

In article the results of research on the propagation of Japanese persimmon on two rootstocks - Caucasus and virgin are given. We have studied the infl uence of succinic acid, malachite green, methyl blue and orthonitrophenol on seed germination of persimmon and in the future on the growth and development of planting material. The optimal timing of harvesting cuttings and the date of persimmon budding in the conditions of Dagestan were established.

The article gives data on the study of the container size and the substrate composition on the development of seedlings and the nutritional characteristics of the main plant nutrients. Various sizes of container, composition of substrate in containers were tested. Peculiarities of the effect of container size and substrate composition on the growth of seedlings, as well as to nutrition with nitrogen, phosphorus and potassium were established. The optimum container size and composition of substrate for growing seedlings of apple trees in containers were identified.

Due to the fact that import substitution issues have lately become acute, production of narcissus planting material in the humid subtropical zone is quite actual. The purpose of this research is to evaluate the ability to reproduce narcissus varieties. The research was carried out on the experimental base of the Institute in Razdolnoye village, in the years 2012-2016. In the study there were 5 regionalized varieties of Narcissus × hybridus hort., related to various garden groups: ‘Mount Hood’, ‘Ice Follies’, ‘White Lion’, ‘Laurens Koster’, ‘Elyssee’. As a result of the research, biological and economic reproduction coeffi cients of narcissus varieties. The biological coeffi cient of reproduction was on average 2,1-2,4, the economic coeffi cient varied from 1,7 to 2,2. The structure of narcissuses yield is determined depending on the planted fractions. It is established that in order to obtain commercial bulbs, it is necessary to plant bulbs from the fi rst till the third assortments.

The results of complex studies on the effectiveness of treatments of various plant organs of the Meteor variety of potato (tubers treatment, foliar application, combination of techniques) with microbiological preparations are presented. The advantage of using a combination of seed treatment with foliar application in cultivation technologies was established, that allows to signifi cantly improve the marketability and quality of products.

Studies were conducted in the Kabardino-Balkaria in the foothills of the trellis-dwarf garden 2009-2010 with planting rootstock M9 and planting scheme 3,5 х 0,9 m. By the end of the 4th vegetation trees varieties Golden B, Golden Reinders and Grani Smith was reached a height of 3,5 m and more, which made it necessary to reduce them to 2,7 m. In Redchif varieties, Red Delicious Sandidzh, Gala tree height was reduced by 80-40 sm. Active growth in height of trees is not a negative factor, since 1/3 of the crop is placed on 2,5-3,0 m level. The study of leaf surface showed that by the end of the second growing season at the Golden B varieties on one tree has an average of 1180 leaves with an area of 2,50 m2, the 3rd year - 1930 leaves with an area of 4,35 m2. This value allows the leaf surface to form the 5-5,5 kg of fruit on the second and 11-12 kg in the third growing season on a single tree, without prejudice to the transition frequency of fruiting, it will be 17 and 36t/ha. From 4 to 7-year average yield was within 40,6-46,8 t/ha at average grades of vigor (Golden and Grani Smith) and 35,0-38,2 t / ha in the varieties with moderate growth (Redchif , RD Sandidzh). Recent varieties should be placed more densely in a row through 0,5-0,7 m with row spacing of 3,5 m.

The infl uence of soil application of zinc sulfate and boric acid on the photosynthetic activity of tea plants on the Black Sea coast of the Krasnodar territory was studied. It is established that 2-minutes exposure for tea leaves, is much more informative and many better refl ect the whole picture changes of slow induction of chlorophyll fl uorescence. The direct linkage of viability index and photosynthetic activity was observed. The infl uence of microelements on chlorophyll fl uorescence in both mature leaves and 3-leaf shoots was marked.

The presented research results are devoted to the study of the stabilization of mineral nitrogen nutrition of soil mixtures when growing seedlings in small-volume containers. Experience was conducted in 2015 -2017 in the South Ural Scientifi c Research Institute of Horticulture and Potato. Variants of the experiment was included soil mixture with the addition of pure glauconite, a complex action drug based on glauconite (PCA) and long-acting fertilizer Basacote 6M. The effect of these preparations on the content of nitrates in soil mixture on the background of irrigation and active plant growth has been studied. It was established that PCA and Basacote 6M provide stabilization of mineral nitrogen nutrition and provide a reliable increase in photosynthetic activity of the leaf apparatus and biometric indicators of plants.

The article discusses the main results of the All-Russian Conference “Agroecology of the XXI century”, dedicated to the memory of academicians Alexander Zhuchenko (3rd Zhuchenkov readings) and Nikolai Parakhin (1st Parakhin Readings), which took place on 27-28 June 2017 in Orel in N. Parahkin Orel State Agrarian University. There were considered: issues of agroecology and adaptive strategy of production of the main branches of agriculture; priority areas of genetics, biotechnology, plant breeding, seed production, plant protection, variety testing, variety change, micro-, meso- and macrozoning adaptive varieties; adaptive potential of cultivated plants and the practice of import substitution in the development of the production of basic food products in Russia.

Dynamics of changes in soil acid-base characteristics (pHKCl, hydrolytic acidity, exchangeable aluminum, exchangeable calcium and magnesium, the degree of base saturation) of brown forest acidic soils in tea plantations were studied based on a long-term (27 years) multifactorial fi eld experiment of 16 NPK-fertilizers combinations. The relationship of the process of soil acidifi cation with values of applied nitrogen fertilizers, as a leading factor, is represented in the form of regression and correlation dependencies, graphical and approximating mathematical models. The fi nal changes in the parameters and their speed against the backdrop of 1-2-3th doses of nitrogen fertilizers (singledose step 70-90-120-200 kg N ha-1 yr-1) with a total amount 3800-7600-11400 kg N ha-1 of applied N-fertilizers have been shown. Thus, depending on the N doses the soil pHKCl in the 0-20-cm layer decreased on the average from 0,5 to 0,8-0,9, with an average rate of 0,1 per 3-6 years, or 0,07-0,1 for each applied 1000 kg N ha-1. These changes are 1,5-2 times weaker in the 20-40-cm layer.

It has been established that precision methods of introducing mineral, organic-mineral and organic fertilizers locally into the crevice along the vertical walls of the soil in the zone of pruning and formation of young roots of the apple tree, in comparison with the separately control application of standard doses of mineral fertilizers helps to increase the productivity by 12-37 % and a decrease indices of sustainability of fruiting of apple plants from 0,52 to 0,39. The introduction of organic fertilizers both separately and locally, in a dose reduced by 1,4 times, also leads to an increase the productivity and, at the same time, to a decrease in the sustainability of fruiting.

The zinc (Zn) content in organs and tissues of blackberry (subgenus of Eubatus Focke) Thornfree variety and Thornfree x R. сaucasicus hybrid grown without fertilizers and with application of N90P90K90 was studied in the fi eld experiment. Maximal accumulation of zinc was noted in roots and rhizomes. Among aerial organs the leaves of two-year-old shoots had the greatest quantity of zinc. Mineral fertilizers had a signifi cant effect on the accumulation of zinc in various organs and tissues of the studied genotypes.

The infl uence of the plant growth regulator “Miwal-Agro” on the biofeedback “Samorod” on the processes of formation and development of the root system, activation of growth processes in controlled conditions of the protected soil was studied.

The use of azotobacterin (Az. vinelandii) on white cabbage and cucumber was reduced the total biogenicity of the soil and the number of nitrifying bacteria, and also was reduced the rate of utilization of fresh organic matter. The use of azotobacterin led to a decrease in the content of nitrates in production and an increase in crop yields. In the case of cucumber, when azotobacterin was used, the period of fruitfulness was decreased.

It was studied the application of mineral fertilizers with drip irrigation on the sustainability of productivity of strawberry plants at cultivation on intensive technologies on sod-podzolic soils. The effi ciency of pre-plant mineral fertilizers on the background of the fertigation with drip irrigation and application of biostimulator “Viva” has been confi rmed.

It has been established that the application of organic fertilizers to the soil of the garden of the Aidared variety apple tree contributes to replenishing the humus content in the 0- 60 cm of soil layer by 0,4% of nutrients in the soil. The content of macro- and microelements and their ratio in the leaves and fruits of the apple-tree is increased, the excessive intake of zinc into the fruit decreases from 7,2 to 3,7 mg/kg of raw material. The yield of high-yield competitive fruit was increased by 2,7 tons/ha.

Adaptive responses of the pigment system of assimilated young and mature leaves of different ages of evergreen shrub Саmellia sinensis (L.) О. Кuntze in the natural conditions of the humid-subtropical zone of Russia have been studied. Seasonal variations content and ratios of green and yellow pigments were identifi ed. Their relationship with the stages of development and the formation of plant resistance to high temperatures is shown. The increase in the content of chlorophylls and carotenoids occurred in the summer as the leaf ripened, and in the early spring of the following year their number was 30% higher than in summer and autumn. The infl uenced of calcium on the composition, structure of photosynthetic pigments and their functional state was traced.

The experimental data on studying of effect of humic preparations on morphometric parameters of grape cuttings are presented in the article. The preparations “Lignohumat B-Fe”, “Lignohumat AM-K” had a positive effect on the processes of rhizogenesis and root system development that promoted to increase the quality parameters of saplings of the studied grapes varieties.

The purpose of the study was to identify the characteristics of the immune response of grape plants with different degrees of susceptibility to fungal pathogens. The work was carried out on two grape varieties Vostorg and Muscat belyy, contrasting in resistance to mildew, infected with Plasmo para viticola Berl. et Тoni and free from it. Тhe metabolites were analyzed by capillary electrophoresis. Evaluation of gene expression was carried out by real-time PCR. In both studied grape varieties, the main stress reactions occurs in the first 48 hours after infection. The greatest differences between varieties were manifested in the content of coumaric, dihydrobenzoic, caffeic and chlorogenic acids, which are elements of the shikimate pathway of biosynthesis of phenolic compounds. In the leaves of the resistant variety Vostorg contained less phenolic compounds, which are intermediate products of the biosynthesis of mycotoxic oxidized phenolic derivatives than in leaves of the Muskat belyy. Evaluation of gene expression showed that in the resistant variety Vostorg, the expression of the RS and PR10 genes is at a high level with respect to control already 4 hours after infection. The level of expression of these genes in the susceptible Muscat belyy is at a relatively lower level and is expressed at a later time. The variety reacts to the stress infl uence by a signifi cant increase in the content of phenolic compounds. In contrast, in the tissues of a sustainable variety the leading role can play the consistency of the processes of synthesis of phenolic compounds and their rapid metabolization, which makes it possible to effectively resist the pathogen. The sensitive variety reacts later to the action of the pathogen, the responses of the sensitive variety are less pronounced and more nonspecific.

A description of the main methods of protection of plants in a thermally stressful periods (frosts, high temperatures). The protection technology is presented.

Questions of effi ciency of gardens, vineyards and nurseries irrigation with application of the developed technologies of low-intensity irrigation, fi ne-dispersed overhead irrigation, impulse, trickle irrigation, synchronous-impulse sprinkler irrigation and drip irrigation were considered. The technical specifi cation on modules of irrigation equipment is presented, their technical characteristics are given.

After years of breeding work in the Michurinsk State Agrarian University the red-fl esh apple forms with high content of biologically active substances in fruits have been created. From the fruits of six forms, stewed fruit was prepared, characterized by a high content of soluble solids, organic acids and anthocyanins. Stewed fruit of red-fl esh apples fully corresponds to the necessary organoleptic and chemical indices, but it has an unusual color for apple stewed fruit , which can create diffi culties in selling products. In this direction, marketing research is needed.

The basic results of scientifi c and technical and production-fi nancial activity of North Caucasian Regional Scientifi c Institute of Horticulture and Viticulture for the year 2016 are presented

In this article, the climatic conditions and the types of irrigation used for the culture of actinidia are considered. Characteristic features of the effect of watering on crops were analyzed. The necessity of using different methods of irrigation was revealed. Based on the work carried out, it is proposed to adopt the experience of world producers of actinidia delicacy, integrate and improve it in the humid-subtropical zone of Russia.