Vol 48, No 2 (2017)
13-17 450
Abstract
Тhe results of the breeding evaluation of strawberry genetic collections of Kokino Base Station of All-Russian Horticultural Institute for Breeding, Agrotechnogy and Nursery have been given. The best donors and genetic sources of the most valuable characteristics: winter hardiness (the varieties Kupchikha, Vityaz’, Bereginya, Solovushka, Al’fa, Nashe Podmoskov’e, Kokinskaya Zarya, Rusich, Rosinka, Bryanich, and selections 3-5-1, 823-10, 2-854-10, 2-656-4, 919-5, 365-2), droughtresistance (the varieties Bereginya, Kupchikha, Marmolada and selections 3-5-1, 2-506-1), heat resistance (the varieties Bereginya, Marmolada and selections 3-5-1, 3-366-3), resistance to main diseases of leaves (the varieties Rosinka, Lyubava, Mishutka, Tsaritsa, Amulet, Nashe Podmoskov’e, Bereginya, selections 919-5, 324-5, 2-365-11, 2-606-2, 3-5-1, 3-433-4, 3-366-3), stable productivity (the varieties Vityaz’, Al’fa, Rusich, Solovushka, Bereginya, Nashe Podmoskov’e), qualitative indicators of fruits (the variety Tsaritsa) have been revealed.
18-24 261
Abstract
The effect of 80% red and 20% blue light - emitting diodes (LEDs) on growth of× ananassa Duch. regenerants during in vitro rooting stage was studied. Rooting frequency, root length, root mass, rosette height and the leaf area of plantlets were significantly increased under LEDs in comparison to fluorescent lamps.
25-28 251
Abstract
The results of three years of research of 25 varieties of strawberries, mainly foreign breeding of different origin are presented. Sources: high yield, large-fruited, landespolizei, postresponse.
29-32 267
Abstract
More than 30 of the most adaptive species and forms of ornamental shrubs of the FSBSI ARHIBAN collection, introduced in the landscaping of the Moscow region, are presented in the article. These shrubs are not only highly winter-hardy, resistant to pests and diseases, but also are well breed by cuttings. Emphasis is placed on the need to create mother plants collection for propagation by cuttings to improve the efficiency of collections and replenish its by miniature shrubs, which are promising for the landscaping of limited areas and container gardening.
33-37 246
Abstract
The aim of the research is to study the ecological and adaptive resistance stability of promising varieties of strawberry (Elsanta, Honey, Marmolada) during cultivation in the steppe zone of the Samara Region. The research was conducted during 2010-2013 in the steppe zone of the Samara Region on industrial plantations of strawberry garden. The data of phenological observations are provided, from which it follows that the studied varieties in the southern zone of the Samara region are characterized by different developmental periods: the Honey variety - early, Elsanta is average, Marmoladа is very late. The most high-yielding variety is Marmolada (13,0 t/ha), loweryields are for Elsanta (11,9 t/ha) and Honey (10,9 t/ha). The plants of the strawberry variety Elsanta and Honey are resistant to the accumulation of heavy metals, the total accumulation of heavy metals is 1,8 and 1,1 times lower than on the variety Marmolada. Series of intensity of absorption of heavy metals for the studied varieties are:Elsanta Cu0,98˃Zn0,59˃Mn0,23˃Cd0,075˃Cr0,049˃Pb0,034˃Fe0,017Honey Сu1,66˃Zn0,89˃Mn0,37˃Cd0,19˃ Cr0,057˃Pb0,056˃ Fe0,028Marmolada Cu2,16˃Zn0,99˃Mn0,30˃Cd0,14˃ Cr0,064˃Pb0,057˃ Fe0,032
38-42 303
Abstract
It was studied the impact of microfocus x-ray irradiation on seeds of pome crops. Method of mascalucia microfocus radiography allows to determine the defects of the internal structure of seeds of fruit crops and quickly to select done and not affected by pests the seeds with the purpose of using them for subsequent planting. Mascalucia microfocus radiography of seeds of fruit crops has a number of advantages over existing methods: it has the speed of execution, has greater information content, the analyzed material is fully retained for further work. Results of radiographic analysis of seeds of apple and pear coincides with the results of their germination, and this means that the method can be applied to determine the viability of seeds.
43-46 249
Abstract
Studies of the population dynamics of pests and apple diseases in the orchards of the Research Institute “Zhigulev Gardens” in 2014-2016 showed that the most prominent pest was the apple moth and the most common disease was the apple scab. As a result of pest management there has been a positive dynamics of a decrease in the number of apple moth. The weather conditions of the last two years were favorable for the development of the epiphytotic of the scab.
47-51 283
Abstract
The study of apple varieties of foreign and domestic breeding in the FSBSI NCRRIH&V collection was conducted. The most of the studied varieties of apple crabapples of different origin have a relatively restrained power of tree growth. The varieties Kitayka malinovaya, Gertrude, Krasnopolosatoe, Fayri, X1-48-49 and others were included in the group of varieties with a weak strength of growth of the tree. Crabapples with a compact crown: X1-48-49, Ketni, Fayri, Dolgo, Excelsior, Krasnopolosatoe etc. and the most productive genotypes: Florking, 68-69, Krasnopolskoe were revealed.
52-55 250
Abstract
As a result of the carried-out work new mutant forms of beetroot, which have economically valuable traits - early maturing, narrow leaves, a small rosette of leaves were revealed. The roots of the studied varieties before planting in the field were irradiated with different doses: 150 Gy, 300 Gy, 500 Gy, 600 Gy. The roots of controlled crops were without irradiation. Mutant traits were observed on the plants as a whole or in the form of chimeras. In red beet varieties Prygazhunya after a half months of growth bimodal leaves and narrow leaves were observed. Morphological analysis of stomatal apparatus of various plants from generation M was allowed to reveal mutant form with deformed stomata in plants varieties of Vesta in the variant of irradiation with a dose of 300 Gy.
Methodical aspects of golden currant breedingon the basis of characteristics “mass” and “berry size”
56-59 236
Abstract
The question of the use of the attribute «mass» in the description of golden currant varieties is considered. Concepts of «average fruit mass» and «maximum fruit mass» were standardized. The quantitative gradations of category of the characteristic “berry size” were specified. New varieties-standard on the basis of “berry size” characteristic were proposed.
60-64 250
Abstract
Culturing rowan microplants in culture in vitro in media supplemented with sorbitol and sucrose (3% to 5%) can improve their preservation after 26 months of culture. It is noted that the addition of mannitol (at various concentrations) in nutrient media reduces the safety of rowan microplants after 26 months of continuous cultivation.
65-69 329
Abstract
It has been established that the application of alternation of nutrient media with thidiazuron and without growth regulators in clonal micropropagation of plants of the genus Malus Mill. increases the multiplication factor in comparison with their cultivation on media with 6-benzylaminopurine.
70-74 230
Abstract
It is determined that weather conditions influence on biometric performance and seed production when growing asters annuals. So, the weather conditions in the vegetation period of 2015 had a positive impact on biometric performance and seed production of Сallistephus chinensis but the weather conditions of 2016 had a negative impact: seed production in 2016 was 87% lower than in 2015. A significant influence on the seed production was marked of water-temperature regime of August and September.
75-80 298
Abstract
Data of studies of phenological phases of blackberries, differing by weather conditions especially at the beginning and in the end of vegetation in conditions of Orel region in 2015-2016 are given. The influence of these conditions on the terms of the beginning and duration of the main phenological stages of plants has been analyzed. According to the preliminary data the climate indications of the vegetative period in the Central Chernozem region allows to cultivate blackberries of the main morphological groups (erected, semi-erected, trailing) and of different dates of ripening.
81-84 215
Abstract
When the garden row spacing sere s eeded with sod-forming grasses, often there is a low nutrient supply of trees despite the application of sufficiently high doses of mineral fertilizers. According to the results of the research it was established that the grasses consume nitrogen in a considerable quantity, its removal during the growing season was 116,9-139,2 kg/ha. The consumption of phosphorus was more than two times less and amounted to 29,2-32,5 kg/ha, depending on the dose of fertilizer. The total removal of potassium was 151,1-197,0 kg/ha.
85-89 260
Abstract
Effect of fine irrigation on water-air regime of tea plantations in the conditions of Adygea Republic was studied. It is established that in hot, arid days in the ecosystem of a tea bush with fine- dispersed watering a favorable microclimate is created. The air temperature decreases at the level of the tea trellis by 6-10 ° C, the relative humidity of the air increases by 1on 6-10 °С in the level of tea trellis, increasing of relative humidity on 15-25 %, and the soil moisture content is maintained at the optimum values for the plant (77,8-82,3% from minimum water capacity).
90-93 236
Abstract
The dynamics of changes in the content of photosynthetic pigments, the total antioxidandt content, the electrolyte leakage, and fluorescence characteristics in Solanum tuberosum L. cv. Zhukovski rannij leaves at early stages of injury by Colorado beetle ( Leptinotarsa decemlineata Say) was study. The system of cultivation of potatoes in a hydrogel was optimized.
94-97 229
Abstract
The experimental data on the effect of the use of the biopreparation on the basis of symbiotic fungi Glomus sp. for the treatment of the apple rootstock in the nursery on the growth and development of trees in the garden in the initial period of fruiting were obtained. Optimal doses of biopreparation for root mycorrhiza were established. The innovative technology to improve the quality of apple nursery plants on the basis of increasing the biological potential of plants through the use of mechanisms of symbiotic effectiveness of arbuscular mycorrhiza fungi and fruiting plants is proposed.
98-102 319
Abstract
Technology green grafting widely uses the treatment of cuttings with drugs of auxin nature. By preliminary studies the effect of the preparations “Regoplant” and “Stimpo” in concentrations of 1, 2, 3 and 4 ml/l on rooting of green cuttings and micro cuttings of honeysuckle blue has been investigated, their effectiveness was proved when rooting in aqueous solutions under artificial fog.
103-107 256
Abstract
The results of the use of gene pool of cherry to create domestic varieties and for highlighting the best of different ecological and geographical origin are presented. It is given the characteristic of the cherry varieties of local breeding obtained on the basis of the methods of interspecific, intervarietal hybrid- ization and mutagenesis. According to the results of breeding two cherry varieties Kirina and Krasnodar- skaya sladkaya with high fruit quality and yield were included in the State reester of breeding achievements of the Russian Federation. Varieties Alexа, Cossackа of early ripening, Kubanochka of medium ripening and the variety of late ripening Nora were transferred to the State testing on the North Caucasus region.
108-112 402
Abstract
The increase in area planted pears and climate change contribute to the accumulation and intensification of pests and diseases, there are new, nonspecific for the Central Nonblack soil region of harmful organisms. Of pests especially dangerous are the common pear sucker Psylla pyri (L.), pear gall Eriophyes pyri (Pgst.) and fruit mites, pear moth Laspeyresia pyrivora (Danil.) and pear pollen beetle Anthonomus pyri (Koll.). Of the diseases most harmful of pear scab Venturia pirina (Aderch.), fruit rot and rust Gymnosporangium sabinae (Dickd.) Wint. For effectively combating them requires constant monitoring and differentiated approach to the organization of protective measures.
113-117 260
Abstract
In recent years on plum, the aggressiveness of a number of pests has increased on the plum. The most dangerous include the plum moth ( Grapholitha funebrana Fr.), yellow fruit Sawfly ( Hoplocampa flava L.), black fruit Sawfly ( Hoplocampa minuta Christ.), acacia coccidae ( Parthenolecanium corni Bouche), four-legged mites (Eriophyoidae). For effectively dealing with them it is required a system of continuous monitoring and targeted science-based protective measures.
118-120 246
Abstract
Grape varieties and sweet cherry varieties have been studied for their resistances to fungal diseases. On the whole the 35 grape varieties and the 20 sweet cherry varieties were used as the object of the research. On the base of the research resistant varieties of grape to the mildew - Avgustin, Druzhba and resistant sweet cherry varieties to the Cocomyces hiemalis - Kreolka and Krasa Zhukova were revealed.
121-124 215
Abstract
Results of long-term researches of economic and biological features of promising Ribes aureum Pursh forms are presented in article. A valuable form for breeding and cultivation in the conditions of the steppe zone of the southern Urals was revealed.
125-129 253
Abstract
In the conditions of Belgorod region introductory study of decorative apple species on resistance to harmful organisms ( Venturia inaequalis, Aphis pomi, Euproctis chrysorrhoea, Operophtera brumata ) was conducted out. All the studied species of apple were slightly affected by scab and showed high resistance to the pest complex, with the exception of the apple-tree plumaceous, young shoots which were badly damaged by green apple aphids.
130-135 317
Abstract
The article presents adaptivity estimation for 50 sweet cherry breeding lines - a new crop in the South of The Non-Chernozem Zone. Long term field tests allowed see the main destabilizing factors which decrease planting yield. The hard winter 2005-2006 with air temperature-29,3 ºC and with snow surface one -34...-36 ºC was used as an example for estimation of varieties’ winter hardness and yield. In the last years moisture deficit results in significant damage to plantings in summer-and-autumn and in spring periods. It causes desiccation, branches and flower buds’ death, development of poor-quality pollen.
136-139 299
Abstract
The pest organisms complex on citrus crops in humid subtropics of Russia includes 66 species. Complex peculiarity is a high percent of polyphagues (77,3%) and all-weather harmful organisms (46,7%). 7 species dominating and 12 often found species were revealed. For the first time as a part of a complex Halyomorpha halys Stal and P antomorus fulleri Perkins are noted.
140-143 216
Abstract
There is presented in the article the development of scab in weather conditions in 2014-2016. There is determined the biological efficiency of the protection systems against apple scab. It is also defined photosynthetic activity of apple leaves.
144-147 231
Abstract
There are given the results of experiments testing inducers of apple orchard resistance against scab. There are identified effective resistance inducers against scab. There is noted the posi- tive effect of resistance inducers on the physiological status of apple plants. There is determined the variety selectivity of the functional system reaction to the application of inducers.
148-151 237
Abstract
By nowadays intermediate small-sized apple stocks have been developed at the VNIISPK (All Russia Research Institute of Fruit Crop Breeding). The variety-stock combinations do not concede stocks, traditionally used in the Central region in crop yield. We analyzed fruiting and preservation of trees of the cultivar “Bolotovskoe” on the best intermediate small-sized stocks from the VNIISPK breeding program in mature orchard for definition their lifetime and appropriateness for further cultivation. We found that plantings of trees the cultivar “Bolotovskoe” on the intermediate dwarf stock 27-1-143 lived the age period of development «fruiting and growth» in 20 years old.
152-155 231
Abstract
The article presents data on biochemical estimation of 4 promising varieties and 19 selected of black currant form from the breeding program of ARRIFCB that are characterized by resistance to powdery mildew. As a result of studies, the genotypes important as sources for further breeding for the improvement of chemical composition of black currant berries have been revealed. A set of biochemical features identified: a) with a high content of ascorbic acid and soluble solids (PCB)- Yubiley Orla (171,2 mg/100 g and 15,5%, respectively); B) on accumulation of the sum of P-active substances, high sugar index and soluble solids content - 3007-3-107 (1049,4 mg/100 g, 4,1 and 15,3%, respectively); C) with a high content of soluble solids, a high sugar-acid index and a sum of sugars - 3589-16-8 (15,1%, 11,9% and 4,1, respectively).
156-159 249
Abstract
In vitro culture of Ficus carica L. from population, adapted to local ecological conditions which are similar to marginal ones for this species was obtained. High potency of regenerants to rhisogenesis on nutritive mediums without addition of plant hormones and spontaneous rooting on medium with cytokinins (2-iP or BAP) was revealed. The alteration of MS plant medium plus 0,2 mg/l TDZ with MS plus 1 mg/l 2-iP may be considered as optimal scheme for maintaining of plants of this population in sterile culture.
160-163 271
Abstract
The article presents the results of studying of the effect of biological agents on the basis of strains of soil mikromycetes ( Trichoderma viride, Gliocladium roseum ) and associative microorganisms ( Azomonas agilis, Azospirillum brasiliense, Azotobacter chroococcum ), all-inclusive drugs and fungus of arbuscular mycorrhizal ( Glomus spp. ) on the yield of quality material of rootstocks of Prunus mahaleb seedlings and cherry saplings. As a result of this work preparations with a stable positive effect were found.
164-168 197
Abstract
As a result of work it is established, that at gathering in an optimum maturity, it is possible to store fruits a long period of time with the minimum losses and decrease in flavorings qualities. Objective indicators of optimum take off terms are defined: iodine - starched test, specific gas permeability, hardness of pulp.
169-172 245
Abstract
The estimation of varieties and perfect forms of strawberry for resistance to adverse environmental factors, productivity, consumer qualities of the fruit was studied. The elite form of strawberries 35-5 (922-67 x Maryshka) and 56-5 (Gigantella x Privlekatelnaya), which characterized by high winter hardiness, drought resistance, large fruit of sweet taste was obtained.
173-176 289
Abstract
Results of PCR-analysis of apple hybrid seedlings for the Rvi6 scab resistance gene were revealed. The correlation frequency of inheritance of allele states of Rvi6 gene was detected. The hybrid seedlings with homozygous dominant state Rvi6 gene ( Rvi6Rvi6 ) in genome were identified.
177-182 244
Abstract
Pre-breeding in complex of characters is the main part of breeding programs. Evaluation of resistance to scab of hybrid populations of selective forms Malus baccata 23/2 and 23/5, F1, F1, F Co-06-k1 has been carried out on an artificial infectious background. High yield of resistant seedlings was observed in all groups and crossing combinations, including with the varieties Braeburn, Fuji, Gold Ruch. Seedlings without affection were revealed in combinations with the varieties Atlasnoye, Naslednitsa yuga, Pamyat ecaulu, Svejest, Talida, Feya, Aport AS, Florina, Golden B from 0,4 up to 35%.
183-189 361
Abstract
As a result of the research, optimization of cultivation conditions at different stages of clonal micropropagation of primocane raspberry varieties was carried out. Optimal conditions of cultivation (type and concentration of the hormonal composition of the nutrient medium) at the stage of micropropagation, rooting and adaptation were selected.
190-194 314
Abstract
The work is devoted to improving the technology of clonal micropropagation of valuable small-fruit culture. Peculiarities of morphogenetic processes occurring during clonal micropropaga- tion of this culture were studied and the conditions on the main stages of cultivation were optimized. A bank of in vitro small-fruit cultures comprising 238 species varieties and elite forms was formed.
195-199 216
Abstract
The influence of the length of stay in the soil of seeds Amaranthus blitoides L. и Amaranthus albus L. on the peace and their germination is studied. It has been found that for stays of seeds of both types of amaranth in soil, respectively - 3, 6, 9, and 12 months, their peace is not distorted and is not accounted for germination. They retain its state of rest, which is a prerequisite for potentially weeding. In controlled laboratory conditions the highest germination was recorded for seeds left in the soil nine months for Amaranthus blitoides L. from 24% to 46% and for Amaranthus albus L. an average 71%.
200-203 229
Abstract
On the basis of studying of new perspective regulators of body height of plants, influence of the medicines Zircon and Ribav-Ekstra is reasoned. Investigational drugs contribute to the regeneration, rooting and simultaneously stimulate the growth and development of vegetatively propagated clonal rootstocks Ural 56, 8 Ural and Ural 6.
204-207 187
Abstract
Fresh berries of red currant of the studied varieties were characterized by a high content of pectins with prevalence of protopectin in them. In the course of low temperature freezing and storage there is an all-high-quality decrease in amounts of protopectin by 25% and increase in soluble pectin by 12%. The pectin of berries of red currant were highly esterified throughout the entire period of researches as the degree of their esterificationat the majority of varieties exceeded 50%.
208-212 216
Abstract
The article presents data on the effect of different sowing times and storage medium on the disease affecting the mother carrot roots of Litvinka variety. It has been established that the damage of root crops during storage largely depends on the showing time and storage medium. Analysis of the experimental data on the use of sand and sawdust as a filler in storage of root crops showed that the damage of root crops in the sand was much lower than in sawdust in all variants of the experiment. The number of diseased root crops that were stored in the sand was in 1,9-2,7 times less compared to the root crops, were stored in sawdust.
213-216 226
Abstract
This work is devoted to identifying the most suitable substrate for growing apple trees in containers under the conditions of the Moscow region. It is established that the best development of seedlings was observed when using a substrate composed of peat moss + ahroperlit in the ratio 3:1.
217-222 238
Abstract
The article discusses the history of freesia culture breeding, both abroad and in the humid Russian subtropics. Results of breeding research conducted by Russian Research Institute of Floriculture and Subtropical Crops and description of the new domestic varieties and 15 promising hybrid forms of freesia, distinguished by high ornamental and economically valuable characteristics are presented.
223-226 204
Abstract
He effect of magnetic and light pulses on the vegetative productivity of strawberry plants obtained by clonal micropropagation was studied. Stimulant action of magnetic and light pulses for the formation of stolons strawberries was established: an average of 11 studied cultivars the number of stolons under the influence of treatment was increased 1,6 times. The greatest effect on vegetative productivity was noted on plants of Roxana, Dukat and Krasavitsa Zagorje varieties.
227-232 269
Abstract
In the course of work on the production of a virus-free planting stock of horticultural crops, a device for their dry-air thermotherapy was improved. As a result of research universal heat chamber has been proposed and patented, which ensures optimal conditions for the healing process of the plant material is in it, both in vivo and in vitro.
233-237 227
Abstract
The article presents the results of a study of the influence of the atmospheric precipitation dropped before fruiting on the productivity of strawberry plantations in drip irrigation and fertigation. It has been established that the productivity of strawberry plants in different degrees is related to the varying amount of precipitation in the autumn-winter period preceding the fruit-bearing of the year. Varieties of strawberry garden Honeoye, Rusich and Troitskaya are more susceptible to the amount of precipitation than the Dukat variety.
238-241 250
Abstract
Diallelic crossings were used in order to reveal inheritance of self-fertilization character in pear. Pear plants having female and male traits in a single organ (flower) develop interactions as unisexual dioeciously plants. At the opposite position of the parents it is manifested a well pronounced incompatibility. In view of this, the sign of the opposite parent pair is blocked, and its manifestation is deactivated. As a result, the pollen with inactive (maternal) form behaves as apomixes stimulator and makes it possible to create haploid organisms.
242-247 426
Abstract
The article presents the results of studies of the biochemical composition of fruits of 17 major varieties of raspberries (plant breeding by I. V. Kazakov), cultivated in the conditions of southern Russia, including 8 primocane varieties. Varietal differences in the nutritional value of berries (dry matter, sugars, amino acids), flavor and vitamin content (vitamins C and E, anthocyanins) conditioning the medicinal properties of raspberries were established. According to the complex of biochemical parameters of quality the berries of varieties Brilliantovaya, Gerakl, Babye leto, Zhuravlik were revealed. Their fruits are a high source of active substances, providing the human organism with a set of vital components.
248-252 349
Abstract
The results of research of 8 varieties of garden strawberry breeding of Kokino Base Station of FSBSI ARHIBAN on biochemical composition of fresh berries and after six months of storage in frozen form have been given in the article. Their tasting evaluation and the level of losses of biochemical substances after defrosting has been presented. It has been established, that the best raw materials for frozen of strawberries are the varieties Tsaritsa, Kupchikha and Nashe Podmoskov’e.
253-256 296
Abstract
The results of breeding to develop new varieties of pears, which combine resistance to adverse environmental factors and fungal diseases, stable productivity, small size of the tree crown, as well as an attractive appearance and good taste of fruits are showed.
257-262 247
Abstract
The article contains the results of studying of the peculiarities of the nutrition regime of the fruit bearing apple on the rootstock M9 of planting year 1996 and SK4 of 2009 landing under the influence of foliar fertilizing with aqueous of solutions of complex mineral fertilizers in the conditions of the Western Ciscaucasia. The system of foliar application of apple that contributes to an increase in the content of gross and inorganic forms of basic nutrients in leaves, depending on the stage of seasonal development of plants, a decrease in the intensity of chloroplast destruction in the summer, an increase in apple yield on the root M9 by 8,3-12, 8% and on the basis of SK4 - more than 30,0 % is proposed.
263-267 190
Abstract
The results of the experience to identify the influence of the spectrum of light on the growth of the rootstock shoots RVL-9 in the dry air of thermotherapy. As a result, it found that the use of lamps with the red spectrum of light in the hot box allows you to get a higher increase compared with the use of lamps with white light spectrum within the first 12 days of thermotherapy.
268-273 250
Abstract
The results of the evaluation of 14 gooseberry varieties characterized by biochemical composition of berries are presented. The content of sugars (4,49-9,56%), total amount dry substances (12,16-23,50%), organic acids (1,60-3,13%), vitamin C (19,19-48,67 mg%) has been determined. The influence of varietal characteristics and weather conditions on the level accumulation of these substances has been revealed. Dry and hot weather in vegetative period of 2013 was ensured high accumulation of sugars, dry substances in berries and reduction of acidity, vitamin C.
274-278 301
Abstract
The article shows that the basis of malicious complex entomofauna on varieties of Lonicera caerulea represent 4 species of aphids - Semiaphis tatariceae, S. lonicerina, Prociphilus xylostei and Rhopalomуzus lonicerae, sporadically forming local foci. It was revealed that these spots are carriers of dangerous viruses that cause the death of crops. Among the studied varieties 2 varieties with very high and 13 varieties with a high degree of adaptive resistance to aphids were revealed. 15 varieties are largely susceptible to damage by phytophagous. It is established that the main disease of blue honeysuckle occur at high humidity and violation of farming. The appearance of Ramularia lonicerae Vogl., Septoria xylostei Bacc. Et Wint., Alternaria sp. Cercospora periclymeni Wint., Phyllosticta vulgatis Desm., Lasiobotrys lonicerae Kunze, Coniothyrium olivaceum Bon., Phyllactinia suffulta Sacc., Microsphaera lonicerae (DC) Wint., Phellinus lonicerinus (Bond.) Bond. et Sing, Pestalotia affinis Sacc. et Vogl. was noted. Purposeful breeding of new varieties of blue honeysuckle should facilitate the selection of genotypes more resistant to fotofile entomofauna and mycoflora.
279-285 343
Abstract
The work is dedicated to the improving the technology of clonal micropropagation of promising varieties of high and half-high blueberry. The morphogenetic processes occurring during clonal micropropagation of this culture were studied and the conditions of cultivation on the main stages were optimized. The influence of different concentrations of exogenous hormones on the growth and development of microshoot of blueberry plants in vitro was determined. A bank of sterile cultures of 12 varieties of high and half-high blueberry was created.
286-289 212
Abstract
During the field experiment in the 2014-2016 we are studied the effect of mineralfertilizers in doses NK30 40, N, NK60 80 90K120on the content of exchange forms of potassium in the soilof a young apple orchard. Doses of mineral fertilizers used in the experiment helped maintain the level of exchangeable potassium only in the upper soil layer and didn’t guarantee replenishment of potassium reserves in deeper layers.
290-294 223
Abstract
The exciters of powdery mildew of cereals ( Blumeria graminis (DC.) Speer.), the brown leaf rust ( Puccinia triticina Erics.) and the septoria blight ( Septoria tritici Rob.et Desm., Septoria nodorum (Berk. etBr.) have annual considerable distribution in conditions of the Bryansk region. Therefore the aim of researches was to evaluate the effectiveness of fungicide Аkanto рlus, CS (200 g/l picoxystrobin + 80 g/l cyproconazole) against the complex of winter wheat diseases. The positive dynamics of reducing the development of winter wheat leaf-stem infections, when applied this fungicide has been revealed as a result of the conducted researches.
295-298 217
Abstract
The distinctions on viability and intensity of linear growth of explants of cherrу sour distant hybrids at the clonal microreproduction in vitro depending on a genotype, mineral composition and the maintenance of growth regulators in the nutrient medium are revealed.
299-303 262
Abstract
In the article the results of studies evaluating different methods of cultivation of saskatoon are presented. The advantages and disadvantages of cultivation in bush form and saskatoon grafted on the ordinary mountain ash are shown. The estimation is spent by various criteria. The economic substantiation is given. The results revealed the superiority of the option of cultivation by grafting on the ordinary mountain ash.
304-307 209
Abstract
The results of a study of productivity of introduced varieties of black currant in the midst of the Samara region are presented. Varieties, the most productive in the conditions of the Middle Volga region: Barmaley, Streletz, Charodey, Bryanskaya agate, Partizanka bryanskaya, Perun, Nara, etc. were marked.
308-311 219
Abstract
The evaluation of 5 varieties of intersectional hybrids of paeonia on their resistance to spot leaf has been made. Among the varieties under study, Bartzella and Garden Treasure were the most susceptible to causative agents of spots leaf ( Septoria spp. ) and ( Cladosporium spp. ), Yellow Heaven, Hillary and Prairie Charm were less susceptible.
312-314 217
Abstract
As a result of the study of collection samples of radish of different ecological and geographical origin, in the conditions of the Central region of Russia sources of economically valuable traits are identified. The collection samples that are valuable for breeding for the precocity, the yield and the biochemical composition are revealed. A new early maturing high yielding variety of the garden radish Mikhnevsky 1 was created.
315-319 225
Abstract
Raspberry frost-hardiness has been studied for 7 years by field method in order to reveal the most suitable varieties and forms in conditions of Western Siberia. 8 siberian varieties - Blesk, Dobraya, Avrora, Zatonskaya, Akvarel, Kolokolchick, Za zdravie, Zorenka were selected. At early-winter frosts the bark and cambium of raspberry freezing plants were injured mostly, and in the middle of winter and at late-winter frosts buds had injuries mostly - mainly, the conduction system at the base of buds and rudimentary generative organs.
ISSN 2073-4948 (Print)
